| With the development of chemical technology, more and more new chemicals havebeen synthesized by people. Meantime, in order to effectively reduce the cost ofproducts, a large-scale production equipments are becoming more popular, which alsoincreases two kinds of the risk of safety production hazards in the safety productionmanagement fields. One kind is that increasing hazardous chemical species whichproduced hidden danger in the process of chemical production. Other kind is thatdangerous chemicals largely existing in chemical equipments which produced hiddenrisk. Using quantitative and qualitative risk identification method provides the basisfor risk control and two above kinds of safety production hazards are controlled intoan acceptable range by searching for and using effective risk control measures, whichare the main purpose of this research work.In this paper, a350,000tons/year of calcium carbide method PVC productionplant involving hazardous chemicals act as the research objects. The major hazardunits of devices hazardous chemicals are divided, identified and classified by usingnational standards. The personal and social risk of the major hazards units ofdangerous chemicals is estimated by using quantitative risk assessment software.Production safety accidents possibly occurring in these units, such as poison leaking,fire hazard and explosion etc, have been calculated accurately by the means of boilingliquid expanding vapor cloud explosion accident consequence model and two-phaseleakage model. The production equipments existing security risks are studied by thepre-risk analysis methods and the control measures are put forward.Through quantitative calculation and qualitative analysis, this paper summarizes thehidden safety risks of the equipments in such aspects: easy-firing and easy-explosive;high temperature and high pressure and the presence of toxic and hazardoussubstances, put forward process safety measures and draw the conclusion that weshould grasp the control principles of dangerous chemicals, the hazardous process andthe major hazard units of dangerous chemicals in the safety management of large-scale chemical plants involving dangerous chemicals. At the same time, thepaper also concludes that we should take the main safety measures andcountermeasures in terms of control people’s unsafe behavior, physical unsafecondition and the defects of management. |
