Effects Of Landscape Pattern On Bird Community Diversity

In the development of urbanization is accelerating today, urbanized land use and land cover change, which in turn alter ecosystem function, wetlands as the kidneys of the Earth, the city protect and improve the ecological environment and biodiversity in the city have a very important role. While in the process of urbanization, wetlands are often occupied and polluted. the area of wetlands are shrinking, Wetlands Landscape becomes more and more fragmental.Landscape pattern analysis based on GIS method is effective way of quantifying landscape fragmentation, and this method is mostly used for large scale landscape pattern analysis and evaluation. On a small scale about the quantitative analysis of the relationship between landscape pattern and biodiversity analysis is still relatively small. This article is about the city in a small artificial wetland, based on grid method, analysis of relationship between wetland landscape pattern and diversity of birds.Wetland area in the city tend to be small, but its urban eco-system, especially the health of natural systems and biodiversity increase was important, while also improving the quality of life for city residents, and so on. Therefore, Pudong district, Shanghai Jinhai wetland study based on field survey and GIS tools, landscape pattern analysis and canonical correspondence analysis method, and so on, explore the effect of landscape structure on bird community diversity, the main conclusions are as follows:1.The Jinhai wetland landscape patterns are analyzed, the wetland landscape types are divided into 3 categories and based the 3 categories divided into 7 snmall categories. Jinhai wetland land-use and land-cover show large spatial variability. From the view class to run, the largest area of vegetation(26.23ha) covers 54.67% per cent of total area; water area(12.69ha) covers a total area of 39.33%;building with an area of at least, about 2.44 ha, covers a total area of 6%. Landscape analysis from 7 class, pure water is the area’s largest, accounting for 26.16% of the total, Evergreen forest landscape are slightly small, accounting for 23.01% of the total, Evergreen and deciduous forest landscape, thickets and small landscape of built-up area. On Jinhai wetland landscape pattern fragmentation and connectivity analysis, results show among 7 types of landscape, construction land fragmentation is strongest, followed by the rivershore landscape.Vegetation landscape types of connectivity the best, followed by the waters of landscape types, construction land landscape connectivity is the worst.2. Jinhai wetland is rich in plant community composition, community structure relative to a single. Performance:(1) Through sample surveys, recorded a total of 135 plants, trees 41 species, 24 species of shrubs, herbaceous 75 species. Include camphor, magnolia grandiflora, mulberry, gardenia, setaria viridis, coreopsis, and so on.(2) Community structure is simple, the 51 sample survey found that more than half of the sample(26) lack of shrub layer, shrub layer of shrubs are only one of the samples, diversity is very low, and only a tree layer 2 quadrats or herb layer.3. In March 2014 between January 2015, we conducted four times bird survey. There are 1684 birds and 60 kinds of birds recorded. They belong to 7 orders and 21 families21 families. Among 60 species of bird species, 29 species are Palearctic birds, 19 species are widespread species, 12 species are Palaearctic birds. From the type of residence, the 26 kinds of birds are resident birds, 23 kinds are winter birds, 7 kinds are summer visitors, four kinds are traveling birds. Eurasian blackbird, Light-vented Bulbul, White-vented myna, Common moorhen, White-cheeked starling and Dusky thrush is dominant species in this area, and common species of White Wagtail, Long-tailed Shrike, Little Egret, little grebe, Spotted Dove, etc.4. Avian community diversity effect of wetland landscape pattern, characterized by spatial differentiation of avian community diversity.(1) 7 class landscape types in bird diversity and landscape fragmentation in a negative correlation, and is positively correlated with connectivity.(2) Spatial distribution of bird community diversity under the influence of landscape diversity and fragmentation, but not the only factor.(3) In the Jinhai wetland bird communities and landscape for a canonical correspondence analysis, analysis showed that wetland bird species distribution and diversity of landscape, fragmentation and connectivity are closely related. Accidental and rare species in the wetlands are mainly located in larger high landscape diversity, fragmentation of the landscape, and distributed in the connectivity high waters of the wetland birds landscape of dominant species of birds or vegetation landscape distribution in most of the more common species in the landscape diversity, fragmentation and connectivity and integrated effects.