Study On The Rights And Interests Security Of Land-lost Peasants And Fishermen In The Process Of Rapid Urbanization

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization process in our country, more and more agricultural land has turned into non-agricultural land, resulting in a large number of peasants becoming land-lost peasants and fishermen. Having lost the cultivated land, water areas and mudflats that they depend on for production and living, peasants and fishermen are faced with the dilemma of employment, pension, medical care and lowest life safeguard,etc.. Their security of rights and interests becomes more and more serious, causing a series of mass events such as refusing to accept land expropriation, petitions and even bloodshed and so on. How to guarantee the rights and interests of the land-lost peasants and fishermen has become the important issue to be solved in the rapid urbanization process nowadays.This paper takes Tongan District, Xiamen Municipality as the example, and adopts the comprehensive research methods with investigation research as the main method. First of all, it describes in detail the protection situations of rights and interests of land-lost peasants and fishermen in Tongan District, Xiamen Municipality, based on data of questionnaire surveys. Secondly, it summarizes the main problems from five respects, including the infringement of the right to know and supervise land expropriation, the infringement of the land contract management and income right, the infringement of the right of further development and management, as well as the infringement of the employment and social security rights of land-lost peasants and fishermen. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the reasons of infringement rights of land-lost peasants and fishermen in Tongan District, Xiamen Municipality from diverse analyses, including the defect of current land requisition compensation, the deficiencies of rural land compensation fee allocation management, the deviation of the role of government, and the imperfect social service systems. Finally, on this basis, it puts forward the corresponding countermeasures in several ways. On one hand, to perfect the land expropriation compensation system, rural collective assets management system, employment service system and social security systems. On the other hand is to increase land market order overhaul, as well as to strengthen and innovate social management and service systems.