Research On The Current Policy Of Agricultural Subsidy In China

Since the1990’s, the comparative profit of grain plant has been low, area has been reduced year byyear, and the production has been volatile. In2003, the grain yield was430.7billion kg, up to the lowestlevel since1990, and the cultivated land area covered less than100million hm~2, up to the lowest levelsince1978, which has seriously influenced the national food security.Since2004, we have adopted a series of policies of financial direct subsidies for agriculture, andachieved nine consecutive increases in grain production. The total grain output and areas for nineconsecutive years have increased, and the per unit yield and total grain output both have leapt to a newlevel for six consecutive years stable at500billion kg or more. Among them, the national grain plantingarea in2011covered110.572million hm~2, increasing by696thousand hm~2than that of2010, up by0.6%; the per unit yield upped to5166kg/hm~2, increasing by192kg/hm~2than that of2010, up by3.9%;the total grain output reached to571.21million kg, increasing by24.73million kg than that of2010, upby4.5%. It is enough to show that national agricultural subsidy policy has brought about huge drivingforce on agricultural production. To a certain extent, it has aroused the enthusiasm of farmers to engagein agriculture, and has realized the increase of agricultural production and farmers’ income.From the attributes of the grain itself as a public product and the characteristics of agriculture itself,this thesis analyzes the necessity and tendency of agricultural subsidy, combining with the law ofdevelopment in economic society. On the basis of the development of the agricultural subsidy policiesin the developed countries in agriculture over the world, and from the appearance and development ofthe agricultural subsidy policies under the different social backgrounds of different countries, this thesismakes an analysis and comparison on the content, the way and the security of subsidies. It makes aconclusion that the relatively mature agricultural subsidy policies in the developed countries inagriculture over the world have some characteristics, such as a wide scope, the great intensity, theconcentrated objects of subsidy, the highly targeted subsidy policy, the reasonable structure, and thefocus on the security for the subsidy system, etc.Through analyzing the existing policy of the agricultural subsidy in our country, comparing withthat in the developed countries abroad, we should draw a lesson and make an improvement in the fouraspects: increasing the total amount, expanding the scope, optimizing the structure, and stabilizing thepolicy of subsidiesTaking Xinxiang County as an example, which is located in the hinterland of central plains, and themajor and core area of national grain production, this thesis carries on a comprehensive analysis frompoint to area. With reference to the kinds, scope, intensity, planting cost, farmers’ income of agriculturalsubsidies in recent years, this thesis finds out the objective disadvantages in the existing policy ofagricultural subsidies in China, such as the late start, the deconcentrated targets, the weak intensity, thelarge differences in implement, and the inadequate system, and puts forward some reasonablesuggestions for it.