Design And Implementation Of A FPGA-based Forest Fire Hot Spot Detection System

Forest Fire is a devastating disaster, it occurs bursty in time, randomly in place, cause tremendous losses in a short period of time. So it’s particularly significant to extinguishing the forest fire efficiently and in time. Currently, our country still have the problems that the efficiency to extinguish the forest fire is lower and the rate of recrudescence is still higher compare with the developed countries. With the development of the Infrared Thermal Imaging Technology, detect the fire point with the Infrared Technology becomes a hotspot. However, at present the Infrared Equipment mostly mounting in the helicopter to detect the fire from the air, which have the disadvantages that the accuracy is low and the cooperation and coordination with the ground extinguish force is hard, meanwhile in this way helicopter cannot detect the forest fire in real-time. So develop a portable equipment, which can detect the forest fire in real-time, is useful to extinguish the forest fire, especially for clear up the smoldering type fire.In this thesis, we start from the images which are collect from the thermal imaging equipment. These grayscale images as the video signal input to the FPGA hardware design platform. On the platform,use the tested and verified image process algorithms by the MATLAB software, with a modular design approach, realize the Image Denoising, Non-uniformity correction, Detail enhancement, Pseudo-color enhancement process on FPGA. Finally display the infrared images which have the function of temperature analysis and image analysis to the portable device. Achieved the changes that in search for fire points by the naked eye to infrared technology.The design uses MATLAB platform as the software test platform to verify the infrared image process algorithm, use the integrated development environment of Quartus II9.1, Nios II IDE etc. and the simulation tool-ModelSim as the hardware test platform. After simulate and test, downloaded to DE2development tools which is produced by Altera to take the final verification. Compared the final results with the MATLAB process results. It demonstrates that this design meets the real-time requirement, image optimized well, low power consumption etc. In short, the design reaches the initial demand, which has a good practical prospect.