Research On WSN Hierarchical Routing Algorithm Based On Improved Ant Colony Algorithm

Energing wireless sensor networks organically combines the wirelesscommunications technology, storage-aware computing technology with theperception of the physical environment technology of sensors, and make all thetechnology to its maximum effectiveness in order to achieve access toinformation and treatment in a variety of environments. Thus environmentalmonitoring and early warning are achieved in different environments, whichcurrently have got rapid development and application. However, the momentumof wireless sensor networks are more robust, and as a result challenges arepresented to us which couldn’t be ignored and need more attention. In this thesis,the central issue to be addressed is the wireless sensor network routing problemswhich is the primary one among all those challenges.Because the wireless sensor network node energy is limited, and is restrictedby the characteristics of wireless sensor network itself, the routing protocols ofwireless sensor network design goal should be reducing energy consumption,balancing energy consumption level, ultimately prolonging the lifecycle of thenetwork.LEACH-AQ hierarchical routing algorithm for wireless sensor networksbased on improved ant colony algorithm is proposed in this thesis, which is onthe basis of the classic Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy LEACHprotocol. Firstly, the voronoi diagram element is uesd in this algorithm to dividethe net region evenly, and then the mechanism of the LEACH protocol thatrandomly selects global cluster head nodes is improved. And the distance and theresidual energy of nodes to the cluster nodes are taken as a center of referencefactors to pick the most competitive one as the cluster node. Finally, when antcolony algorithm is used to establish routing between clusters, the globalpheromone update rule of traditional ant colony algorithm is improved by Q- learning content ideas. Secondly, node energy level is introduced in LEACH-AQalgorithm to the formulas which is used in calculating ant transition probabilityand the amount of local pheromone update in the basic ant colony algorithm. Ingeneral, the energy equilibrium level sensor network is effectively improved,energy consumption is reduced and the life cycle of the entire network isprolonged by using LEACH-AQ algorithm.