| As a big developing country, China has serious housing problems. Since the reform and opening up, urban families in our country has improved the housing conditions quite a lot. But today in the expanding of the real estate market in China, housing is regarded as a commodity supplied by the developer that could lead to the unfair distribution of urban housing resources. The harmonious society’s important spirit is fair and reasonable allocation of social resources. Now house has become a commodity which supplied by the developer, Residents who have different jobs can get houses in market only by their payment. Because of the soaring house prices in big cities and the different ability of professional family to get housing resources and opportunities, the chance and ability of different families to buy a house are various which lead to different housing conditions. Therefore, China’s urban family living conditions are not only influenced by regional, social economic and political factors, but also influenced by the social and economic status of family members itself and the influence of demographic characteristics.Before the fifth population census, domestic household professional documents had less relationship with the housing situation analysis. Until2000, the related research has appeared. Household demographic often use householder as household characteristics to do related research. Because in China the head of a family is often the most influential member in his family, the head of the household analysis method is feasible. Since professional always with the relevant of the income, level of education, social reputation, and social status, on the analysis of the professional can help to explain the housing hierarchical situation in a larger extent. Therefore, the identity of the head of the household characteristics (such as career) has a close connection with the housing conditions of the family (such as area, and housing property, etc.). Meanwhile, this method can simplify its analysis of the relationship between the household characteristics and the housing condition.When the housing effective demand is not satisfied, it will lead to social problems. Countries need to take effective macroeconomic regulation and control measures in order to avoid the situation. Based on this, by using the sixth census data, in the perspective of social and economic statistics, the author made a concrete research on the disparity of different professional family living condition and the choice preference of China’s urban in order to provide data support and theoretical basis or the establishment of national housing consumption policy. The author has compared different professional family housing situation as well as analyzed the various factors affecting the housing conditions. This study mainly divided into five parts:The first part is introduction. The article first introduced some background knowledge, and then elaborated the theoretical significance and practical significance of the topic according to our country’s macroeconomic situation. Then the author carried on the literature review.In the second part, the author analyzed the housing conditions of different professional family respectively and compared the difference of their housing density, housing property, monthly rental fees and housing preference. The main conclusions are as follows:First of all, the housing preference of the head of state organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions, professional and technical personnel, handle affairs personnel and concerned personnel is consistent. Mostly, they have housing property rights and the housing area is at a higher level. Most agricultural production personnel families do not have the narrow housing problem, but they have the problem of housing market marginalized. Compared with the former three kinds of professional business, service personnel family would like to rent low-rent house. Therefore, they are at a disadvantage position to obtain the housing property. The housing source selection of production, transportation, equipment operators is similar with that of commercial, service personnel. Their housing property ownership is relatively low. Moreover, this kind of professional family is more inclined to choose the house of the lowest level of spacious degree. They have the worst level of the per capita housing area or the per capita housing numbers.In the third part, the author discuss on the cause of the gap between professional households. Judging by appearances, the author summarizes three reasons:the rise of the housing price-to-income ratio, the difficult of the low-income professional family to buy a house, the chance for the high-level professional family to arbitrage in using of the housing policies, the influence of occupational mobility for family to obtain housing property rights. By further analysis, the author found the underlying cause:the influence of the gap between rich and poor of different professional families, information asymmetry and the game between stakeholders, the influence of the urbanization process and the "Matthew Effect" of housing accumulation fund system.In the fourth part, the author stated the conclusion of this article and put forward policy suggestions. Policy suggestions are as follows:Construct multi-level housing supply system, ensure other investment channels of the professional families, narrow the gap of income between different professional families, specification of property tax holdings, trading links, establishing and perfecting the information disclosure system of housing information, standardize the housing rental market and rationalize the housing demand of professional family. The author hopes the suggestions could help to develop the real estate industry in some extent.The main innovation points of this paper are as follows:①Before2000, There are few figures or information related to housing conditions in our country. As the data limit, from2000to2010, in the domestic research, the analysis of residents’ housing conditions and the characteristics of the householder is nearly in blank state. Although some literature has suggested that there is quite a strong correlation between the profession of the householder and the housing conditions, the specific situation needs further analysis.②The author haves used the recent and the latest census data. Since2000, the fifth population census officially regarded housing information as important research content. The Sixth census contains almost the same housing survey questions as2010"filth census" and "sampling survey in2005" investigation. Therefore, the Sixth census offers valuable data for the analysis of housing conditions in our country.③Different from many current scholars, the author do not regard the housing group as a passive group. In this paper, the author emphasized the subjective selection ability and the foresight of all levels of the professional families. Different professional families have different consumer demand, consumption patterns and consumer preference which lead to significant differences in housing selection. The differences will further strengthen the differentiation of class identity and its structure.In this paper, the empirical analysis includes the Logistic model, logarithm linear model and corresponding two-dimensional analysis diagram. These methods could help to represent some aspect of the housing conditions and housing preference of different professional families. Finally, the author hopes to be able to extend the scope of domestic housing problem research through the empirical analysis. |
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