The Development Of The Neonatal Nurses’ Knowledge And Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain

Objective:To develop a culturally adaptive scale assessing the neonatal nurses’knowledge and attitudes regarding pain, based on the qualitative results and literature review.Methods:l.The original item pool with90items was formulated through interviews with5neonatal nurses, and referring to relevant literature and scales.2. Through two rounds of expert evaluation and10neonatal nurses’consultation, we refined the original90items to39items scale by reducing some unrelated and’repeated items.3.The scale was tested among198neonatal nurses. The t test, variation coefficient method, correlation coefficient method, exploratory factor analysis method was used to psychometrically evaluate its construct validity, by the main methods of principal components analysis (PDA) and varimax. Criterion-related validity was assessed by using KASRP (2008) Chinese version. Reliability was assessed by Cronbacha, split reliability and test-retest reliability.Results:(1) Item analysis:The CV of item1,24was19.04%and item27was20.07%,because of the discrete standard deviation,we should delete item1,24,27.The CV of item2,11,26,37were less than3.0,and there was no statistical significance (P>0.05),we deleted item1,24,27. The correlation coefficient was between0.257-0.588.Pearson correlation coefficient of item34was0.257,and there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05),we deleted it.we deleted item18、13、4、33、15、19、22after2rounds of exploratory factor analysis, and retained the remaining34items at last.(2)Reliability test:the Cronbacha of the whole scale was0.762, and the five factors were between0.719～0.869. The split reliability of the whole scale was0.785and the five factors were between0.739～0.878. The test-retest reliability of the whole scale was0.818and the five factors were between0.739～0.878,and it was statistically significant (P<0.01).(3)Validity test:content validity evaluated using Content Validity Index (CVI) was0.874. The correlation index of factors and items were between0.466～0.754;the correlation coefficient of factors were between0.346～0.650;the correlation coefficient between factors with their total scores were0.357～0.630,it was statistically significant (P<0.01).Six factors can explain59.189%of variance in the third factor analysis.The correlation coefficient between the total score of KASRP (2008)Chinese version and the factors of the questionnaire was0.197～0.345, there was a positive correlation and statistically significant (P<0.01).(4) Total score of each items are between12～91point, the average is (0.12±0.328)～(0.92±0.274) points,average score of each factors are between1.37～2.92point, the average is (1.37±0.95)～(2.92±1.23) points, the average scores of questionnaireon is (12.68±2.97)points.Conclusion:The Preliminary developed Neonatal Nurses’Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain in China has good reliability and validity, and culturally adaptive to Chinese neonatal nurses. The scale conformed to basic measurement standards.