Study On The Dynamics And Prevention Of Avian In Airport Area

Birdstrike refers to the aviation flight safety accident or aviation incident whichcaused by bird striking the airplane when during takeoff or during flight or landing(International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO,1998). At present, The FederationAeronautique Internationale has promoted the hazard level of airport bird strike as "A"class aviation hazard. Hebei province is located in the center of East Asian-Australasianflyway, among the way of global bird migration which makes birds fauna rich, spicesdiversity and population big in Hebei. For the reason that Hebei province is one ofimportant Chinese airline hub which makes birdstrike preventing is a work with heavy taskand big responsibility. But there is no research in public about airport birdstrike on Hebeiprovince.This thesis has researched avian composition, annual dynamics of avian, monthlydynamics of avian and activity rhythm of common birds in airport with route researchmethod and fixed-point observation method, has discussed the preventive measures forbirdstrike by analysis the dynamics of avian and airport ecological environment. The studyresults are as follows:Avian community composition is relatively single in airport.23species of birds wererecorded which belongs to15families and9orders. For the residence period, summerresidents and resident birds constitute the main body of airport avian community; For thequantity, Number and activity rhythm have significant difference among the differentspecies, sparrow, magpies, small mouth crow and pigeon have higher distribution numberand higher activity frequency.Dynamics of airport avian has significant difference among the different years. Thereis no significant difference of yearly species number among different areas, but the activityfrequency have significant difference among the different areas, area A has the highestactivity frequency,it is the most active area of birds in the airport yearly, area F also hashigher activity frequency. There has significant difference about birds activity frequency inairport from January to December, from March to May and October, there are twosignificant maximum active period of birds among all the year.Birds in airport have different activity rhythm in different months. From January toFebruary, there are12species of birds in airport, among resident birds and winter birds, sparrow, magpies and pigeon have relatively higher activity frequency; There is19speciesof birds in airport which belongs to resident birds, winter birds, summer birds and transientmigrant in Marth, sparrow and magpies have relatively higher activity frequency; FromApril to May, birds community consists of residents birds, transient migrant and summmerresidents,19or20species, sparrow, magpies, pigeon and barn swallows have relativelyhigher activity frequency; From June to September, birds community consists of residentsbirds and summmer residents,17to19species, sparrow, magpies, barn swallows, pigeonand small mouth crow have relatively higher activity frequency; From October toNovember, airport birds community consists of residents birds, transient migrant andsummmer residents,12to14species, sparrow, magpies and small mouth crow haverelatively higher activity frequency; In December, birds community consists of residentsbirds and winter residents, there are12species, sparrow has the most activities and thehighest activity frequency. Area A has the highest activity frequency, during the whole day,8:00-9:00and15:00-17:00are two significant maximum active period of birds.The sparrow, magpies, small mouth crow and pigeon are the most common birds inairport, all of them are resident birds, sparrow and magpies’ annual activities are relativelystable, from September to December and September to November are their relativelyactive period; Small mouth crow has its fastigium of activities in October, and there is arelatively higher activity frequency from November to December; Pigeon’s annualfastigium of activities is from Marth to August.The preventive measures for birdstrike should combine the avian composition,annual avian dynamics, monthly avian dynamics, activity rhythm of common birds inairport and the characteristic of airport ecological environment, which is a kind ofcomprehensive measures.