Research On The BOT Mode Of China’s Uninhabited Islands Exploitation

China has a large number of uninhabited islands which are unique and rich in naturalresources, the exploitation of these islands is very important to the development of China’smarine industry and the realization of maritime power strategy. Since the1990s, Chinesegovernment has paid great attention to the development and management of these uninhabitedislands, it has also set up a series of specialized agencies to absorb private capital into someisland’s projects under the market mechanism. However, there are some obstacles, such aspoor foundation, unclear definition of property right and conflicts between public and private,in the process of islands exploitation, that leads to the arising of many problems include lowevel of development, disorderly excessive of resource utilization, chaotic management systemand lacking of long-term mechanisms. All of these questions have caused widely attention ofdomestic scholars, but their researches are mainly focused on single problem about followingareas: islands ecology protection, classification&planning, unified management, none ofthem has put forward any operational system or mode. Therefore, China’s uninhabited islandsexploitation still stucks in the period of "one-case, one-meeting", without a method for furtherproject. The BOT, a mode of privatization in the New Public Management, has brought newenlightenment to China’s uninhabited islands exploitation. This mode can make upuninhabited islands’ inferior position by its advantages in financing, defining property rights,planning project and so on. It is a new way for islands development and management as BOTmode will unite forces of and private to fully tap the potential value of our variety uninhabitedislands. There are already some foreign countries and districts applying BOT mode into theuse of sea areas, like English channel tunnel BOT project, Sydney harbour tunnel BOT projectand Malaysia Labuan BOT project, these practices inspired Zhoushan, a city of Zhejiangprovince in China, to be the first one who bring BOT mode into marine developmentprogramming.Thus it can be seen that the research on the BOT mode of China’s uninhabitedislands exploitation is of great practical significance and instructive value.The construction of this mode is a complex process, which involves four steps: firstly,define the "exploitation of uninhabited islands" and its BOT mode, while reviewing its historyand introducing the current situation; Secondly, analyze the existing contradictions in islandsdevelopment and the nature of above issues while taking the uninhabited islands asquasi-public goods under the guidance of property rights theory and common goods theory, with this result that can point out the roots of disorderly excessive cost and ecological damageare uninhabited islands’ characteristics of non-excludability, rivalrousness and externality.And then dissect the effect of defining property rights on transaction costs duringdevelopment stage, in order to provide basis for the BOT mode’s necessity and feasibility.Thirdly, emphatically introduce "Bulid-Operate-transfer" three process of the uninhabitedislands’ BOT mode according to the requirement of systematicness, entirety and operability,in addition to this, integrate new approaches of risk-sharing mechanism, project costmanagement, formula of price fixing, flexible deadline, concentrated unitive management,periodic bidding and uninhabited islands development found into this mode; Finally, proposesafeguard measures on the government level from four aspects of policy, organization, financeand technique, to guarantee the effective operation of BOT mode in China’s uninhabitedislands exploitation. Uninhabited island is an important part of national economy and socialdevelopment, as it acts as a link and bridge from earth to ocean, so the realization of its BOTmode depends on government’s support and participation. The target and the point of thepaper is in the administration study area, to clarify government and developer roles in theprocess of uninhabited islands exploitation and penetrate BOT’s concrete operation methodsinto the government function based on privatization, meanwhile, change the relationshipbetween public and private from "control and be control" to "partnership cooperation" by theestablishment of this BOT mode, ultimately achieve a favorable interaction between both ofthem to utilize China’s uninhabited islands reasonably and sustainably. The exploitation ofuninhabited islands needs common struggle and coordinated functioning of the whole society,so how to establish a model to rally and balance the public and private’s strength has becomea urgent topic which the first176can be developed uninhabited islands faced, it is also a animportant task for China’s administration on uninhabited islands, which is worth to bediscussed further with thorough research.