The Wood Flow Of Suiyuan Area In Kang Yongqian Period Of Qing Dynasty

Since the1980’s, historians have paid more and more attention to the history and geography of the borderland, which has been also studied in nearly all aspects. Specific to this paper, the focus is the wood flow and the change of the ecological environment problem of Qing Dynasty in Suiyuan region.In Qing Dynasty, Suiyuan area belonged to the jurisdiction of Shanxi.As to the local geographical location, it was located at the north of Shanxi and extended even further north to Mongolia. On the other hand, the region was located in the northern frontier of the Qing Empire. Under the268years’rule of Qing Dynasty, the expansion of territory and the effective control had been gradually completed. As a result, the frontier, the center and the inland established close relationship. This paper selects Daqing Mountain, Muna Mountain and their surrounding areas as the study sites.The basic materials are mainly the "factual record of Qing Dynasty", the memorial to the throne, as well as the chorography, etc. Through the relevant literature, this paper analyzes the development of the wood, the transportation, the uses, the release, the ban, the disputes of the wood flow, national policy and the local response and so on. During this process, the border wood was first widely used in the official building of city and other uses. And as the wood demand of the frontier and the mainland was enlarged, the ban of the Frontier Mountains was finally lifted. So the wood could be lopped off and supplied for the civilian uses. The wood of Suiyuan was not only used in its’local area, but also carried to the mainland and the capital, during which the Yellow River served as an important transport medium. In the process of development of the two mountains, the local officials and the businessmen colluded, even the provincial officials were involved, which made the emperor and his central officials decided to take punitive measures. In this way,the wood and the power struggled together. What’s more, Suiyuan area wood was not a one-way flow. After the wood cut down, the wood of the interior of Shanxi also flowed into the Suiyuan region for uses. So this flow was two-way.Frontier into inland was a complicated process, including political, economic, culture and other aspects. From the angle of forest development and wood flow, this article attempts to illustrate that frontier into inland is not only a political or economic significance, but an ecological environment change by analyzing the phenomenon exhibited by the forest development and wood flow,as well as the events. In addition, the process included both obtaining and giving by mutual sides of the inland and the frontier, of which the exchanges and contacts, the developments and changes happened. The concept of frontier to inland is still controversial in academic circles, this paper also tries to explain the fact that the internalization really existed by using some specific examples.