| With the progress of radio frequency technology, microelectronics technology and integrated circuit technology, wireless communication technology has achieved rapid development, which makes it easily realized, its cost gradually reduces, its transmission speed constantly accelerates, its reliability rapidly improves, and it gradually reached the level which can peal with wired networks. In this paper, in order to reduce oil production costs and build digital oil field, wireless sensor network based on radio frequency technology is designed to collect, analyze and process the data such as temperature, pressure, flow, etc. of drilling site so as to monitor the running state of well site effectively. It solves the problems of miscellaneous lines and difficult management when using wired network, and guarantees stable oil production.Based on the research of the characteristics, topology structure and working principle of wireless sensor network, the network model of oil field data wireless collection system is built. Based on CSMA protocol, binary exponential backoff algorithm and RTS-CTS handshake mechanism is designed in MAC layer to reduce packet collision effectively. In order to select the optimal cluster heads, centrobaric correction method and energy comparison method is added in LEACH protocol cluster heads selection of network layer. Dijkstra algorithm is introduced to improve transmission efficiency, so that the network lifetime is prolonged, the routing protocol converge fast and the processing overhead for operating the protocol is reduced. The wireless sensor network is build with the single chip microcomputer STC12LE5616AD and the wireless transceiver module nRF905as the core components, and the hardware circuit of all kinds of nodes in the network is designed. The monitoring software that can receive, parse, save, display and query data is designed by C#.It is realized that oil field parameters can be collected and transmitted in real time in this design. The design scheme is verified to be correct, and the test results satisfy the system design requirements. The wireless data collection system has certain practicality and popularized value. |
