A Leach Based Route Algorithm And Key Management For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks is a new mode of information acquisition and processing methods, has been widely used in military, industrial, agricultural, urban management, environmental monitoring, hazardous area and many other fields, it has attracted great attention by academia and industry. Since wireless sensor networks have characteristics different from traditional networks, such as node energy, computing power strictly limited, and highly correlated with the applications and other reasons, making a large number of routing protocols have been proposed can not be directly uesd, so it is a promising subject now.The existing routing protocols for wireless sensor networks can be divided into two classes:plain and cluster-based. In the clustering routing protocol, sensor nodes are divided into several clusters. Cluster head are not only to gather sensory data, but also transmit and integrate data for member, and also need to transmit other cluster head’s datas, so they easily casue "hot spots" problem.This paper has introduced wireless sensor networks and analysised several typical clusering routing protocols. In routing security, we have overviewed and anlanyzed some common type of attack. Then, according to the Leach’s advantages and disadvantages, this paper proposed an improved algorithm, between the source node and the goal, based on the node free and energy-load. When the new algorithm, which based on the path of energy consumption of communication nodes and the node free, chooses the routing, it can reduce the energy consumption in leach protocol, make energy balanced and improve the network lifetime. The demonstration and simulation results show that the improved LEACH protocol, effectively reducing the node energy consumption, increases the survival rate of the node to extend the network lifetime.Finally, since in LEACH protocol, it has not secure authentication for cluster head and members, a suitable key management is proposed.