On The "Pseudo—Environment" Constructed By The Disaster Report

In the course of human development, disaster is always inevitable, a catastrophe will result in significant casualties and affect people living, working and even survival seriously, so the disaster has become the objective of compelling reports in the news media. When the media technology was undeveloped,the audience and disseminators of information were independent of each other.The disseminators passed disaster news to audience,then they understood the environment of surrounding or distant through the information channels.But it was the limited access to information that led to what the environment they knew and the reality was different. With the rise of the various media, all kinds of media information are intertwined and penetrated into every aspect of life.Athough the audience know more content by more channels, the spreaded environment of mass media is still not the reproduction of a mirror-like.The processing and reconstruction of the environment is called Pseudo-Environment.It has been mentioned and explainded in Public Opinion written by the Lippmann.We know that the mimicry environment accompanied by communication. The communication process of Human must be subject to the cognitive mechanisms of the communicators, the factors of symbolic characteristics, the media and the macro-control of the dissemination process. These constraints will inevitably lead to the difference between results of coding in the communication process and reality. So this phenomenon is also inevitability in the disaster news.Based on the above analysis, this thesis proposes the following questions:what kind of environment the disaster news coverage construct? How to construct "Pseudo Environment"? What is the problem in the construction procession? How to improve the fidelity of the environment?To answer the above problems, the thesis selects "Beijing News" and "People’s Daily" as objection of study to explore the relationship between the reports of media disaster and the construction of mimicry environment. The media have become the basic channel of the outside world.And it have the initiative to choose what to be reported、 how to report and what form.So it means that the media construct environment through the agenda setting.This study summarise the disaster mimicry environment from the number of reported theme, reports, keyword and so on by the content analysis of report "Beijing News" and "People’s Daily" on Zhouqu debris flow. And the thesis also shows some progress in the process of constructing environment.But the disaster information reported departure from the social reality.The thesis presents these phenomena and put forward their own solutions to these issues.