| Today, there are more and more large and multi-functional high-rise buildings. The large number of scattered emergency lights equipped in high-rise buildings brought many difficulties for the monitoring and maintenance, which will probably lead to the situation that emergency lights can not be maintained timely and even can not work in case of fire. Meanwhile, the spread of fire and toxic gases in high-rise buildings is relatively fast, people who can not evacuate in time will probably be injured or death. However, the indicating routes of traditional emergency indicating lights are pre-configured, people unable to optimize the indicating strategy according to the changing circumstances in case of fire. At present, there have been a few emergency lighting monitoring and intelligent evacuation systems. But most of them are based on wire communication, which will raise the construction cost. Especially, reconstruction in an already completed high-rise building is really hard and may be damage of the existing structure of the building.In this paper, a new emergency lighting monitoring and intelligent evacuation system is designed based on Power Line Communications (PLC). The system can monitor the emergency lights in high-rise buildings automatically and detect the fault timely. When the controller receives the signal of fire alarm, it can design an optimal evacuation routes, and control the emergency indicating lights to indicate the routes for people to evacuate quickly and safely. The main characteristic of this system is that the system is based on Power Line Communications, which enables the system to communicate by exiting power lines instead of specialized cable. The maintenance and construction cost will be greatly reduced.The major work includes:(1) Investigated and studied the development and parameters required of the emergency lighting monitoring and intelligent evacuation system.(2) Investigated the basic principles and current situation of Power Line Communications, studied the channel characteristics of power line and the modulation of Power Line Communications.(3) Proposed the design of the emergency lighting monitoring and intelligent evacuation system based on Power Line Communications(PLC).(4) Proposed the implementation of Power Line Communications, including the choices of chips, the design of interface circuit and the communication protocol.(5) The hardware design of the system, including the circuit design of the controller and the monitor.(6) The software design of the system, including the establishment of the software platform, the design of the driver and the software modular, the method to compute the optimal evacuation routes. |
