"report" In Late Qing Dynasty And The Early Natural Sciences Knowledge Dissemination Study

To evaluate more comprehensively and objectively the academic value of Revue Pour Tous, and provide empirical evidence for the journal evolution of late Qing Dynasty, based on the research analysis of the original literature in Revue Pour Tous (No.100-No.211), the editing and publishing profiles, the editor practice, the communication characteristics, the communication strategy, and the spreading of the early natural science knowledge in Revue Pour Tous are investigated by the textual analysis and comparative research method, which are from these aspects of the missionary journal history, the science communication history, the chinese journalism history, journalism and communication. Particularly the science communication event on the biological evolution theory exported to China is analyzed comprehensively, which initiate the first round of fierce attacks to the Catholic.The Revue Pour Tous is a comprehensive missionary journal, edited by Li Di, the first catholic chinese journalist, which spread the western science and report current events. By statisticsing and analyzing the contents of the early of the The Revue Pour Tous (No.100-No.211), conclusions can be drawn as follow:In the natural science domain, compared to the Yi Wen Lu, the Revue Pour has more timeliness, covering the various disciplines of the main theoretical scientific results between17-19centuries, and the input of natural science are mainly initiative knowledge, such as advanced wireless telegraph technologies during the end of the19th century are reported in many periods, some insertion books, for example, XiXue Guang Jian or Yu Xue Xu Bian, are western advanced natural science literatures during the19th century; In the social science domain, compared to the Yi Wen and Ge Zhi Wen Hui Bao, not only the proportion of introduction about the social science knowledge is increased in the Revue Pour Tous, but also the introduction about the new ideas and the social reform systems of the western countries are emphasized obviously, which play a profound initiation role for chinese under feudal ideological detained in the long period. Applying to readers’ confusion and focusing on the feedback of the dissemination of results to formate the propagation mode of interaction between readers and editors, the "Questions and Answers" continue the tradition of missionary journals since Ge Zhi Hui Bian, which is good for secondary western spreading. Li Di, who edites series of missionary journals, such as Yi Wen Lu, I-wen-Lou et Revue Scientifique and Revue Pour Tous during the end of the19th century and early20th century, has changed the status of chinese intellectuals in the western spreading from passive to active for the first time, and contributes his all life to catholic publication.He has endeavored to safeguard catholic interests, when the conflict with the catholic church interests appearing. Taking the criticism to the biological evolution theory for example, with deep cultivation between chinese and western culture, he writes famous article named Tian Yan Lun Bo Yi, which fully and systematically criticizes the biological evolution theory, and directes its theoretical defects, resolutely safeguarding the dignity of the catholic.He dites many comments about the advanced western institutions or ideas to awaken up most of chinese intellectuals.Wu Lei Sheng Ke Shuo in the Revue Pour Tous has become the first missionary journal of criticizing to the biological evolution theory, which is established the basis for the birth of Tian Yan Lun Bo Yi, and objectively promoted people to realize the biological evolution theory.However, due to the narrow worldview and epistemology, the western sciences spreading of Revue Pour Tous always exists lots of contradictions, which is pleased to introduce the general scientific knowledge and publicity, and unwilling to introduce the violated sciences against the doctrine of Catholic. The large number of scientific articles on astrophysics and zoology published in Revue Pour Tous follow by the discipline of biological evolution theory, but it stubbornly being insisted on the supremacy of "creationism", which fully is exposed the narrow scientific vision of the missionary journal.