Researching The Temporal And Spatial Relationship Of The Landscape And The Thermal Environment Of The Earth’s Surface Using Remote Sensing

(Author:Wang Honghong Tutor:XingLixin)Various biological and non-biological factors in the ecosystem, distribute and Combinate in the spatial to form the surface landscape, including the spatial configuration of composing unit and diversity. If the surface landscape changes, various ecological processes will be affected. While all kinds of models of energy transmission and exchange are showed by thermal environment.The non-biological factors of Jilin province, such as the condition of water and heat and Landform, are notably different and are strongly disturbed by human. These deeply influence distribution of the surface landscape, and directly restrict the thermal environment. The city of Changchun is formed by human in the process of adapting to and reforming natural environment, which is directly controlled by human activities.Using remote sensing as the main mean, This paper reveals the the surface landscape, the thermal environment and their evolutional features of Jilin province, which is composed of artificial landscape, managing landscape and natural landscape. And making artificial landscape——the city of Changchun as the studing area, it analysizes the distribution and temporal and spatial evolution of the surface landscape and the thermal environment, researching the influence of the surface landscape to thermal environment.By researching, we know that the surface landscape of Jilin province was mainly formed by landform and was also influenced by Soil and climate.The area was composed of coarse grained landscape(forest,plough,grassland) and fine grained landscape(urban land, water, wasteland), and presented the zonal distributing feature. From2001to2009, the grassland area of western region increased and the grassland area decreased year by year. The forest area of eastern and central region showed increasing trend and the forest area presented the opposite trend. Because of the smaller area of urban land, water and wasteland and the studing scale of this paper, these landscapes changed much smaller.The distributing features of the thermal environment of Jilin province was that LST was highest in the western region, was minimum in the eastern region, and was middle in the central region. LST presented downward trend and the percentage of middle temperature zone was enlarged in the eight years. We count the LST of Landscape type and find that the LST of grass was higher than the one of plough, the LST of plough was higher than the one of forest, and the LST of the three Landscape types decreased year by year. So the thermal environment presented that LST was highest in the western region, was minimum in the eastern region, and was middle in the central region. From2001,2005to2009, LST decreased year by year.Under the influence of the scientific and reasonable planning city, from1993to2005, the closed landscape status of Changchun City changed and developed to discrete, diversity, uniform direction. The fragmentation of urban and other land increased and aggregation index was decreased greatly. The landscape was divided to avoid the accumulation of heat. The fragmentation of Water and green land decreased and aggregation index increased. They distributed with a large area, connected well, and had good cooling effect. The shape of various patches was more and more complex. Edge effect was more and more strong. Heat flowed and distributed more easily. The open of whole landscape enhanced, the distribution of landscape was more uniform, and developed to the direction of heat diffusion.The thermal environment of Changchun City in2005greatly improved than the one in1993. The percentage of high temperature area decreased by6.26%. The distribution of high temperature area was more dispersed, so the heat of land surface flowed and distributed easily.In the lkm range, we make regression analysis with average LST and SHDI and find, Without considering other factors, in a certain temperature range, the greater the value of SHDI is, the higher the average LST is; Above this range, the greater the value of SHDI is, the lower the average LST is.