Research On RSSI-based Location Algorithm In Landslide Monitoring System

Landslide is one kind of geologic hazard, which could potentially causetremendous damages. Prediction for such geologic hazard is the most efficient way toreduce the damages by now with monitoring technologies. However, problems, such ashigh cost, low automation and no-easy installation, exist in such landslide monitoringtechnologies. Locating technology, the core technique of Wireless Sensor Network(WSN), provides a solution to this problem by locating the targets’ position, byreplacing the expensive sensors and thus reducing the cost of current monitoringsystem.This paper relies on the RSSI-based positioning algorithm, rather than the landslidesensors, to retrieve the landslide information. In the end, a wireless remote landslidemonitoring system without instruments has been presented. Main research contents areas follows:①Based on introducing the features and the core technology of WSN, andanalyzing several wireless technologies, it is determined that ZigBee is more suitablefor the landslide monitoring system. The comparison to Range-based algorithms andRange-free algorithms has show that RSSI range-based technology has the advantage ofeasily realized and low hardware demand, but the disadvantage of be vulnerable toenvironment and big position error.②In order to solve above problems, a improved RSSI based positioningalgorithm has proposed.By adding weighted factors, the new positioning algorithmcould estimates the parameters of the path loss model dynamically and calculates thecommunication distance of network nodes in real-time, which could improvepositioning precision and reduce the impact of environmental changes on it.③Based on the research on the improved positioning algorithm, this paper put anoverall framework of the landslide monitoring system, which obtains landslideinformation by WSN location technology instead of disaster sensors and transmits databy GPRS. Finally, this paper describes the hardware and software design in detail. Thehardware design include the selection of MC13224node processor chips, GPRS chipand RTU module design.Then the software has described, such as the positioning nodeprocedures and PC software program.The MATLAB experiments show that, compared with the traditional RSSI based localization algorithm using fixed pass loss model, the improved algorithm could notonly learn the environmental changes, but also adjust the Path loss model in time. So theimpacts of environmental changes are reduced and the average error is drop todecimeter degree. The new landslide monitoring system has the advantage of simpleand practical hardware design and reasonable software structure. With the features ofno-need sensors, low project cost and the decimeter level error, the new landslidemonitoring based on the improved RSSI algorithm is very suitable for monitoring thegentle slope.