| Weishan Lake is the largest freshwater lake in north China, the children live on the platforms or fishing boats on the surface of the lake all year round, the scope of activities is limited; recently, the pollution of the lake is serious, many kinds of water quality indices are higher than the national sanitary standard for drinking water; many unfavorable factors affect the health growth of the children. It has very important realistic significance to investigate and analyze the growth and development and related problems of the children in the Lake Area.With the gradual development of the people’s living standard, children’s height, weight and other growth indicators in our country show continuous growth trend and the growth level of the children live in the city has reached to the growth standard which made by developed countries or WHO. But during the process, we can also find some problems, such as the lower training rate in children’good health behavior; a vast majority of children have the problems of overweight and obesity; the number of teenagers who are myopic ranks the second place of the world; decayed tooth has become the killer of the oral health for the children and teenagers.ObjectiveThe study is to investigate the situation of pupils’ growth and health behavior in Weishan Lake Area. To explore the common diseases in the process of development and growth of primary school students, such as overweight and obesity, myopia, and provide reference in order to improve the health level of local primary school students.Methods1.Study objects Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to choose study sample.882pupils of4primary schools from Weishan Lake, Weishan County, Jining City were interviewed by using questionnaire.2. Study methods A self-designed questionnaire survey was adopted. The trained surveyors interviewed the students and gave out the questionnaires to the class as a unit. Students filled in questionnaires by themselves, and surveyors collected on the spot.3. Data analysis SPSS13.0was used to input, arrange and analyze the data. The statistical inference of date was analyzed by single sample χ2test, single sample and independent sample group t test and Logistic regression analysis.Main Results1.Growth and development The height, weight and chest circumference of pupils aged9to14years showed an increase trend with the increase of age. The height of Group in13years old and in14years old pupils were higher among the male students compared with female students. No significant difference was observed for the weight and chest circumference in each age group. There were significant differences in height, weight and chest circumference between fourth grade and fifth grade students, the fourth grade was lower than the fifth grade.2. Health behavior The male pupils had lower rates than the female pupils in the habits of cleaning fruit before eating, brushing teeth twice a day, and mouth after having lunch.97%pupils of different gender and grade had the habit of washing hands before meals or after defecation. The good health behavior score of schoolboys of the male pupils was lower than the female pupils; The good health behavior score of pupils whoes parents with higher education was higher. 3. The situation of overweight and obesity for pupils in Weishan Lake Area and the analysis on influencing factors The rates of overweight were14.31%for male students and8.82%for female students. The rates of obesity were6.76%for male students and2.41%for female students. The rates of overweight and obesity were higher in male students than in female students, and there were significant differences between them. No significant difference was observed for the rates of overweight and obesity in each different grade. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that the better appetite, higher frequency of bedtime snacks, more binge eating, longer time of watching TV and doing homework, more easily lead to obesity.4. The situation of myopia for pupils in Weishan Lake Area The survey showed that there were198myopias in877pupils and the rate of myopia was22.58%. No significant difference was observed for the rates of myopia in each different grade. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that the pupil vision protective factors in Lake Area were the low age, boys, shorter studying time in extracurricular time, doing eye exercises every day.5. The situation of decayed tooth for pupils in Weishan Lake Area There were939DMF in877pupils investigated and the average of decayed teeth was1.07. The average of decayed teeth showed a decrease trend with the increase of age. The rate of decayed tooth was42.99%. The constituent ratio of filling decayed tooth was only3.45%. The ratios of decayed tooth for pupils in the fourth grade were higher than pupils in the fifth grade, and there were significant differences between them. The multiple factor analysis adopted backward elimination indicated that age, sex and frequency of eating sweets were the chief factors of decayed tooth.Conclusions1. Growth and development The growth and development of the nine-year-old to14-year-old pupils conformed with the general rules for growth and development of children and adolescent. For special location of the Lake Area, more attention should be given.2. Health behaviors The number of pupils in Lake Area with good health behaviors was significantly low. We should make suitable educational content for health behaviors according to pupils with different ages and genders, make full use of society, schools and families function, and help the students forming healthy habits.3. The situation of overweight and obesity for pupils in Weishan Lake Area and the analysis on influential factors Overweight and obesity of the Lake Area pupils could not be ignored, which need the cooperation of society, schools and families. The educational authorities should carry out relative health education and health promotion activities actively, urge the pupils to form good living method from childhood.4. The situation of myopia for pupils in Weishan Lake Area The trend of myopia at younger age was obvious, which need to improve the pupils’ consciousness of ophthalmic health constantly, and guide them to take good ophthalmic care behavior.5. The situation of decayed tooth for pupils in Weishan Lake The ratio of decayed tooth in the Lake Area was higher, and the pupils were lake of necessary knowledge of oral health care, and the adoption rate of oral health behavior was low. More work should be done to improve the cognitive rate of pupils with oral health care in the Lake Area. |
PDF Full Text Request