The Evolution Of The Primary School Student Management Of Nanjing National Government Period (1927-1949)

The purpose of the paper is to examine and analyze the administrative policies present in grade schools during the regime of the Nanjing National Government. These include the establishment and the execution of the regulative policies at the time, and the ideologies and the reasoning behind such policies in the education realm.This thesis is chronologically broken up into three sections, each dedicated to a distinctive period in retrospect to modern Chinese history. The first section, addressing the period between the establishment of the Nanjing National Government (1929) and the eruption of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937), investigates the origins and the philosophies of the Discipline System, and the practical problems that exist in grade school administrations during the period. Highlighted by the Second Sino-Japanese War between1937and1944, the second section analyzes the implementation and the effects of the "Regarded as usual during the War" education policy in elementary schools. The last section delves into the changes in education policies and the controversies that arise with regard to such changes following the period after the Second Sino-Japanese War and prior to the rise of the Communist Party in1949, including the amendments to the goals and purpose of education, revisions of the textbook contents, and the reformations to the Discipline System.This thesis fundamentally revolves around the Discipline System of the Nanjing National Government, since it heavily influences the management and the regulation of the grade school education system. As political agenda changes with time, the Discipline Systems alters with it, exhibiting unique features that are characteristic of each period. Regardless, in-depth analysis of the Discipline System reveals it is essentially intended to keep liberal political philosophies in line with the political ideologies of the Nanjing National Government, and the ultimate purpose of educating the public is to serve its political agenda via spreading the single-party dictatorship propaganda.