Study On Management Status And Countermeasure Of Large Public Gymnasium In China

With a series of sports games being held in China. successfully, such as Olympics, the Asian Games and the Universiade, competitive sports in our country has reached an unparalleled level. However, in the process of realizing the goal of transforming from a sports power into great power, development of national fitness should be taken as an important part. China is now speeding up the development of urbanization, with population in urban area increasing rapidly. As the material guarantee of urban inhabitants’fitness activities, however, public sports spaces and facilities develop slowly due to the requirement of large investments and high maintenance expenses and lack of specialized managing talents, which have brought heavy burdens on national finance. In recent years, public gymnasiums, as a representative of public spaces and facilities, have been exploring a way of operation and development. Many gymnasiums have generated some benefits by active development of operating project and recruitment of specialized talents. While most of the gymnasiums are state-owned enterprises, signifying high guarantee of public institutions. In comparison with operation of gymnasiums in developed countries, the commercialized operation and management of city public sports spaces and facilities in China are still facing lots of defects and problems. Therefore, study on how to increase the utilization of gymnasiums, to optimize the allocation of resources and to make a mutual benefit of economy and society by means of commercialization under government’s guideline of developing sports industry has realistic significance to develop public gymnasiums.By method of documentation review and investigation, the author had researched for8public gymnasiums in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xi’an, Wuhan, and Shijiazhuang. Current operation situation of these gymnasiums were given from the perspectives of system, mode, talent deployment and operating status. Some problems were summarized to raise a further discussion on commercialized management mode in accordance with the developing trend of gymnasiums in China, as well as. some corresponsive countermeasures. Detailed results are as follows:Ⅰ. After looking up and reading lots of documents and materials, the author defined the meaning of "city public sports space" and "city public facility" and found the main difference between them by comparison, which is limited to the function. The author also analyzed the meaning of commercialization and defined the concept of commercialized management, which laid a basis for further researches on commercialization of public gymnasiums in China.Ⅱ. At present, main management modes of public gymnasiums in China are public institutions, semi-enterprises and enterprises, among which public institutions occupy the majority, who are still receiving a considerable amount of financial subsidies for annual operating expenses. It is this situation that slow down the steps of reform. Additionally, operation departments of the gymnasiums fail to implement commercialized operation according to the market discipline, resulting in the reality that no substantive progress has been made in development of operating project.Ⅲ. Allocation of human resources of public gymnasiums in China is to some extent reasonable, but still has some problems. In four researched gymnasiums, the proportion of employers of public institutions is the largest. Appointive staffs, especially those with certain management abilities, are badly needed. Staff graduating from junior colleges or with higher academic qualifications has improved to a certain degree.Ⅳ. Most public gymnasiums in China operate independently in spite of various management modes. Development and use of multiple operating ways should be promoted energetically in the light of the fact that changing operating way can facilitate profits of gymnasiums immediately. Moreover, although diversity of operation projects is in good developing state and public gymnasiums are introducing more projects to make earnings, the integral profits are not optimistic. Majority of the gymnasiums are making ends meet or even in deficit.Ⅴ. From the aspects of management of human resources, gymnasium facility, financing, project development and large-scale events, the author discussed the commercialized management modes applying to public gymnasiums in China, and proposed related countermeasures. Overall, tightening control, cultivating market, improving management, expanding operation project and developing human resources are the right ways to successful commercialized operation for gymnasiums in China.