Diet Quality And Associated Factors Among Patients With Coronary Heart Disease

Background:A healthy diet is a primary treatment of coronary heart disease. Clinical intervention studies have provided strong evidence that a health diet can safely and cost-effectively control the progression of coronary heart disease, and reduce mortality. Data show that dietary quality of patients with coronary artery disease was suboptimal. Then only knowing the influential factors of diet quality can we find out some corresponding improvement measures, and improve diet quality of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the dietary quality status in patients with coronary heart disease and associated factors.Objective:To describe the diet quality in subjects with coronary heart disease and to investigate associated factors.Methods:A descriptive, cross-sectional study was used. By convenience sampling, a total of200coronary heart disease patients in Fang Guyuan community health station, Fangzhuang community health center, from September2011to January2012. Self-designed questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic,life style and dental health. Depression was evaluated using the Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Dietary intake was measured with the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and diet quality was assessed by Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate associations between relevant variables and the MDS.Results:72%of the participants had a fair MDS, but the consumption of the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids, vegetables, fruits and nuts were poor,5.0%,4.0%and17.5%respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that women had better MDS than men (OR=0.306, P<0.01), subjects not drinking tea had worse MDS than subjects drinking tea (OR=3.512, P<0.01), that every a unit increased in body mass index faced a0.497-fold increased risk of bad dietary quality(OR=0.497, P=<0.01), and that subjects with unsound teeth had worse MDS than subjects with sound teeth (OR=3.891, P<0.01).Conclusion:The diet quality in subjects with coronary heart disease needs to be improved. The consumption of the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids, vegetables, fruits and nuts were poor. Health professionals should keep in mind that gender,Body mass index,drinking tea or not and a good teeth may be associated with diet quality.