Effects Of Different N,P,K,Ca Application Levels On Plant Growth And Cut Flower Quality Of Lilium Casa Blanca

In recent years, the lily industry rapid development, whether it is cultivated in soil or substrate culture, its area is expanding.However,the cultivation technology is relatively backward. First, because the blind pursuit of cut flower production and the lack of the concept of quality. Second, many scholars were main concern of cut postharvest physiology research while ignoring before harvest cultivation techniques. Those has seriously hampered the export-oriented development of the flower industry in China. In the process of cut flower cultivation, the nutritional status is often a direct impact on the growth, development of cut flower quality and post-harvest physiology changes. This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization on the morphological index, photosynthetic characteristics, biochemical and physiological characteristics, leaf nutrient content, quality of Lilium casa blanca, indexes of the orthogonal design of nitrogen, phosphorus, kalium, calcium by using potted Lilium casa blanca, in order to explore its requirement pattern for the fertilizer, thereby to provide a theory foundation for its standardization cultivation and improving the quality of cut-flower in lily production. The main results were as following:l.The concentration of N4:300mg/kg,P3:100mg/kg,K2:150mg/kg,Ca4:120mg/kg fertilizer treatment made plant stem of Lilium casa blanca stout, highly accessible, leaves lush, leaf area index increased by88.37%correspondingly, the growth of Lilium casa blanca traits significantly improved.2.Within the N(300mg/kg), P(100-150mg/kg), K(150mg/kg), Ca(40-120mg/kg) concentration range, fertilizer treatment can improve the function leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll content. The application of nitrogen,phosphorus fertilizer can significantly increase the function leaf chlorophyll a and chlorophyll content (P<0.05) of Lilium casa blanca. The main effects analysis of variance showed that nitrogen and phosphorus were the mainly factor to increase the chlorophyll of Lilium casa blanca.3.The concentration of N(300mg/kg), P(100～150mg/kg), K(0-150mg/kg), Ca(80-120mg/kg) fertilizer treatment made the leaves soluble sugar content, soluble protein content increased and a significant improved in CAT activity, in which the N4:300mg/kg, P3:100mg/kg, K2:150mg/kg, Ca4:120mg/kg treatment made leaves SOD activity increased by189.27%, MDA content dropped by341.88%, soluble sugar content increased by102.80%, soluble protein content increased by113.55%, CAT activity increased by45.32%. It improved the ability of Lilium casa blanca to adapt to the adverse environment. 4. Total leaf nutrition content such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium showed first increased and then decreased trend, what increased to maximum in budding or initial bloom stage, and then decreased slightly or fiercely. Under different fertilization ratios, the contents of leaf nutrition differ significantly after budding stage. Leaves of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium nutrient content were high within the N(300mg/kg), P(100-150mg/kg), K(150mg/kg), Ca(40-120mg/kg)concentration range after budding stage. The best combination is N4:300mg/kg, P3:100mg/kg, K2:150mg/kg, Ca4:120mg/kg. This treatment leaded to highest leaf nutrient content and longest phosphorus, potassium, calcium nutrition accumulation period of Lilium casa blanca.5. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium nutrition paly a significant role on the quality of fresh cut flowers lily. The concentration of N4:300mg/kg, P3:100mg/kg, K2:150mg/kg, Ca4:120mg/kg fertilizer treatment was best. The combination could increase plant height, flower diameter, leaf area and prolong vase-life, keep the petal’s SOD activity in the high level, and delay the reduction of soluble sugar, soluble protein during the period of cut flower in vase. The assessment indicators of SOD activity, soluble sugar, soluble protein content and nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium nutrition were positively correlated, but negatively correlated with potassium in the three period of Vase-4d, Vase-7d and Vase-10d.Considering integrated factors, with the N(300mg/kg), P(100～150mg/kg), K(150mg/kg), Ca(80～120mg/kg)concentration range, the combination of N4:300mg/kg, P3:100mg/kg, K2:150mg/kg, Ca4:120mg/kg fertilizer treatment was best. This treatment leaded to optimal growth conditions, highest growth speed, stem stout, best leaf quality, increased rately of SOD activity, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, CAT activity highest leaf nutrient content, longest phosphorus, potassium, calcium nutrition accumulation period and best cut-flower quality of Lilium casa blanca.