| As the largest industry in the world now, tourism not only brings considerable foreign exchange earnings to many countries, but also provides the community with a large number of opportunities for employment, which becomes a new growth point of the various economic elements. Therefore, most states are increasingly attaching importance to the development of tourism. With a vast territory, magnificent mountains and rivers, beautiful scenery, long history, numerous nationalities and cultural heritage, it is uniquely advantage to develop tourism in China. However, impacted by the country’s political, socio-economic, transportation and many other factors, tourism developed slowly before the seventies in the last century. With the social and economic development and people’s living standards improving, tourism has become the main way for people leisure since Reform and Opening. When a regional tourism development is in the discussion, the natural resources, human culture and service facilities maybe firstly in consideration, but the traffic’s effect on the development of regional tourism and even the scenic pattern tend to be ignored.The research on scenic spots in the macro spatial structure, in essence, is the study of the relationships between tourism destinations and tourists. In this paper, the spatial pattern of state-level scenic spots across the country is studied. Considering the natural, cultural and social factors on the distribution of scenic spots comprehensively, the national land transport is quantitatively analyzed as accessibility indicators for A-level scenic spots. Using different data sources, the temporal and spatial variations of spatial accessibility are comparatively analyzed to evaluate the impact of road construction on accessibility to the scenic spots. According to the geographical location and transportation accessibility of scenic spots, the tourism division is studied based on pattern of acessibility.Research shows that the A-grade scenic spots are distributed in all the provinces, but they are mainly distributed in the eastern Sichuan.Hubei and Hunan provinces. the region at the downstream of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, showing the tourism market-oriented features. Overall, the distribution of the A-grade scenic spots is concentrated, and gradually sparse from east to west, whose tendency is same as population distribution, and it is impacted by economic conditions, terrain, and water system According to the point pattern analysis, the degree of aggregation for the humanities scenic spots is higher than the natural ones. The first hot zones of the A-grade scenic spots are widely distributed in most provinces; then the second hot zones are located in the east of Heihe-Tengchong line and between28N and32N; while the third hot spots were distributed in four regions that are Chengdu-Chongqing region, Hubeiand Hunan provinces, the junction among Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces, the Yangtze River Delta-the junction among Hubei and Jiangxiand Anhui provinces. The mean value of accessibility to scenic spots is low, the regional difference is prominent, and it points to the traffic significantly. Compared with the accessibility to scenic spots in1991, it increased1.65h in2010; the main reason was expansion for the low value regions whose accessibility within2h, and it was weak for the variation for the low of regions whose accessibility upon48h. Based on location of scenic spots and transportation accessibility, the service zones are divided by setting the control time, merging up grade by grade,9first-grade tourist zones,21second zones and177third-grade ones are divided across the country, a hierarchy of tourism division in China is formed.Finally, according to the analysis results, four proposals for the tourism development, the planning, arrangement and construction of scenic spots were put forward, that are:Increase the number of A-level scenic spots and improve the quality of service; Optimize the spatial structure of scenic spots and design tourist routes overall;Perfect the scenic transportation network and promote tourism development; Rely on tourism division and share tourism resource. |
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