A Research On The Origin Of The Ideas Of Monarch And His Subjects By The Pre-Qin Confucians

Confucianism is the mainstream faction of Chinese traditional thought and culture, and the Pre-Qin Confucians as the initial stage in the formation and development of Confucianism, so its'important value and significance is needless to say. The ideas of Monarch and His Subjects as the core issues of Chinese traditional political ethics thought, in Pre-Qin Confucians'view that represented by Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi, it has the characteristic of political and ethicality interact and go through with each other. When Pre-Qin Confucians talk about politics, they always round the ways to be Monarch and His Subjects and the relationships between Monarch and His Subjects. Monarch and His Subjects as the principal part in political practice, they should existence and play a role as to be a unified whole in concrete political practice. They have a special status and function, and forming a special corresponding relations, so the success or failure in Monarch and His Subjects'political practice, and the good or bad relationships between Monarch and His Subjects to deal with, will have significant and far-reaching impact on the Secular political order and social order that dominated by the order of Monarch and His Subjects. The ultimate concern of Pre-Qin Confucians'lies in the pursuit of order,in the Chaotic and turbulent circumstances of the times in the Spring and Autumn and the Warring states period, what makes Pre-Qin Confucians felt the most aggrieved and plaintive is the disappearance of ways to be Monarch and His Subjects and the chaos and disorder of relationships between Monarch and His Subjects under the background of rites and music system out of standard.This thesis makes every effort to build up an interactive political model between the Monarch and His Subjects, and probe into political theories of the Monarch and His Subjects by the Pre-Qin Confucians under this political model. In the view of the Pre-Qin Confucians, the order of the Monarch and His Subjects are undoubtedly the representatives of supreme orders, the dual attributes of political and ethical interact and go through with each other in the relationships between Monarch and His Subjects makes the Monarch and His Subjects play the dual role of leading and demonstration in social moral reconstruction and political order reconstruction, this is also a realistic function for ideological connotation of the ideas of Monarch and His Subjects by the Pre-Qin Confucians. So the pre-Qin Confucians pay attention to the appeal of the Monarch and His Subjects'ideal morals personality, and also pay attention to ideal construction of the relationships with orderly and affinity between Monarch and His Subjects under the standard of rites and music system. They take the holy spirit Monarch and His sagacious Subjects in Tang, Yu, Xia, Shang and Western Zhou dynasty as the goal to pursuit and to struggle with, and place their hopes on the Monarch and His Subjects in secular days.The value concept of'Cultivate one's morality first and then go into politics'and'Excellent in both morality and in governing'advocated by Pre-Qin Confucians prominent presented out of the spirit of its involvement in the world actively. The Pre-Qin Confucians scholars participate in politics and influence politics actively, attempts to construct one political order and social order that take the morals as the support and take the Monarch and His Subjects as the carrier, rebuild a human world with orderly and affinity of Western Zhou Dynasty-style. We will find out that, the ideas of Monarch and His Subjects'formation and development by the Pre-Qin Confucians, is based on criticism and condemnation of the Monarch and His Subjects without the principles of truth and right in Secular politics, and based on compliment and inheritance of holy spirit Monarch and His sagacious Subjects in Tang, Yu ,Xia, Shang and Western Zhou dynasty, it is product and performance of the contradiction with interweaves not only based on reality but also beyond reality. On the whole, Pre-Qin Confucians place theirs'ideal of governing the country and pacifying the world on Monarch and His Subjects with holy morality, it has a distinct tendency of moral idealism. It Can't be put into Secular politics for the Chaotic and turbulent political situation in Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, this is Pre-Qin Confucians'misfortune, but it has become a necessity of history development.