The Main Problems Analysis Of Rice Production In Liaoning

Rice is a staple food crop in China, and annual planted areas maintained at around 450 million acres, there are two ecological regions with Southern Indica and Northern japonica rice. Japonica rice in China are mainly planted in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Jiangsu and Yunnan provinces, with the increasing demand for rice, japonica plant areas and the total yields increased largely in recent years. As main Northern japonica rice region with unique natural planting conditions, Liaoning province already made a lot of achievements in rice breeding and industrial system. However, rice planting area and yield per unit area of Liaoning in recent years has been wandered, still with some limited factors in the development of rice production in Liaoning province.The study focused on rice researches and production practices, investigated and analyzed issues and constraints existed in varieties, production costs as well as technology extension in the main planting areas of rice in Liaoning province. It was found that numerous rice varieties were authorized, and fewer varieties were popular in large of planting areas; higher yield in plot experiments, but yield undesirable when large areas planted; better rice appearance and processing quality but poor taste compared with Japan and Korea. In rice practices, large nitrogenous fertilizer amount caused not only high production cost and lower benefit, but also with serious environmental pollution. In some regions, unfitted technology extension system and low quality labors with technology in rural areas lead to breaking away between production technology and rice producers, thus relatively lagged rice planting technology of some farmers, to a certain extent, limit the level and development of rice production. To this end, it was suggested that future works should pay more attentions on the following contents:firstly, it should be reinforced new varieties breeding, particularly enhanced resources introduction and innovation, and connected with bio-technology application, make new breakthroughs in yields and good taste of rice quality significantly at the same time. Secondly, it was adopted scientific and feasible fertilization method to reduce the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer application to elite varieties, achieved better combination of high yields, lower costs, reduced pollution, and ensured the economic benefit and ecological benefit of rice planting with the sustainable development of rice production. Thirdly, it will be furthered improving research and technical extension system, gradually established a provincial research institutes as the core, and municipality and County and township three-level agricultural research and technology extension networks, makes combination of agricultural research and technological transformation effectively, and strengthening technical training of agricultural technicians and labors.