Analysis Of Rice Production Status And Countermeasures In Saline And Alkaline Area In Western Jilin Province

The rice planting area was occupied more than 97% of the total cultivated land in Gashigen Town of Zhenlai County.It is an important grain producing area along Nenjiang River.It has the important advantages of producing high-quality rice with relatively less kinds of plant diseases and insect pests,but of the rice yield and quality was low.In this study,the influence factors of rice planting,such as variety,seedling,fertilization and pesticide,were surveyed and analyzed,the important factors affected rice yield and quality were screened out,and appropriate measures were verified.The main results are as follows.1.There are three main problems in rice planting in Gashigen Town.The planting scale is small,more than 98% of the farmers' planting area is less than 10 hm2.The planting technology is affected by traditional planting habits,such as unilaterally pursuing high yield without scientific farming,which caused soil degradation and increasing of rice diseases and insect pests.The area of medium-and low-yield field is large(31.7%)and the rice yield is low,but the improvement progress is slow.2.Compared with the conventional seedling method,the pot tray integrated seedling substrate can reduce the input by 20% and increase the total tillering amount by more than 10%;on the basis of the bowl plate integrated seedling raising,the rice planting technology of "three pushing and two early" can effectively advance the seedling raising and transplanting time by about 15 days,and increase the rice yield by more than 5%.3.The yield of rice can be increased by more than 6.5% by increasing the application of biological fertilizer,organic fertilizer and trace elements.At the sametime,and the method of prevention-based disease and pest control can reduce more than 20% of the loss of production caused by diseases and insect pests.