| Apples and potatoes are the main economic crops in China. its processed waste into protein feed that is important to alleviate the feed shortages and to solve the environmental pollution.In this experiment, solid state fermentation and colorimetric spectroscopy were used in order to acquire an optimal combination of the texted starter cultures,ingredients and sterilization manners ,which would affect the 3 bioactive substances and 4 hydrolysis enzyme of potato slag and apple pomace fermentation feed. The result is as following:1.In apple pomace fermentation feed, the pure protein and amino acid contents have been obviously improved by fermentation,sterilization, and added oil foot in raw material.The contents of the pure protein reached 124.31～194.04 g/kg , growth rate of fermentation were enhanced by 254.3%～453.0%, growth rate of inoculated were enhanced by 17.8%～56.1%, and growth rate of sterilization were enhanced by 4.5%～13.8%,separately,compared with blank samples. the treatment YH is better than YM in raise the content of pure protein, the content of the amino acids is 81.27 g/kg ,increased 117.4%; Adding oil foot in raw material the pure protein and amino acid contents also have been increased significantly.2. The 3 bioactive substances in apple pomace fermentation feed have been increased significantly. Under the condition of sterilization and added in oil foot ,the contents of the total free amino acid, bioactive peptides and water-soluble protein of the inoculum samples reached 10.06～17.96 g/kg, 0.57～0.96 g/kg, 4.85～14.87 g/kg,respectively, growth rate of fermentation were enhanced by 85.3%～230.8%,147.8%～317.4%,133.2%～614.9%, growth rate of inoculated were enhanced by 1.3%～78.5%,24.6%～68.4%,62.7%～206.6%, growth rate of sterilization were enhanced by 0.2%～138.9%,25.0%～81.1%,54.4%～323.7%,separately, significantly raise the content of 3 bioactive substances. In most of the treatmens,mixed microorganisms fermentation is better than the single ones. Added to oil foot is useful for increasing the yields of the product.3. The 3 bioactive substances in potato slag fermentation feed have been increased significantly by fermentation,sterilization, and added oil foot in raw material. The contents of the total free amino acid, bioactive peptides and water-soluble protein of the inoculum samples reached 7.07～11.77 g/kg, 1.31～2.72 g/kg, 5.17～7.68g/kg,,respectively, growth rate of fermentation were enhanced by 262.6%～503.6%,627.8%～1411.1%,247.0%～415.4%;growth rate of inoculated were enhanced by 9.7%～66.5%,8.4%～107.6%,31.1%～48.6%, growth rate of sterilization were enhanced by 41.9%～248.2%,15.5%～192.5%,1.9%～55.4%,separately,compared with blank samples. the YH and YM almost can significantly raised the content of 3 bioactive substances. Adding oil foot in raw material also could increased significantly the contens of the bioactive substances.4. In apple pomace fermentation feed, 4 hydrolysis enzyme have been obviously improved by fermentation,sterilization, and added oil foot in raw material.The protease,cellulase,pectinase and phytase activity of the inoculum samples reached 58.85～368.43U, 3617.53～6278.22U, 203.20～358.47U and 19.45～54.96U,respectively, growth rate of fermentation were enhanced by 67.7%～949.6%,13.8%～97.6%,34.5%～137.4% and 336.1%～1132.3%;growth rate of inoculated were enhanced by 109.4%～526.0%,2.3%～73.5%,26.4%～76.4% and41.4%～182.6%; growth rate of sterilization were enhanced by 22.2%～118.6%,8.3%～63.9%,17.1%～64.8% and -1.2%～92.0%;separately,compared with blank samples. the treatment YH and YM can raise the activity of 4 hydrolysis enzyme significantly. Adding oil foot also have advantages in yield of hydrolysis enzyme.5. The 4 hydrolysis enzyme in potato slag fermentation feed have been increased significantly. Under the condition of sterilization and added in oil foot , the activity of protease,cellulase,pectinase and phytase in the inoculum samples reached 184.20～564.90 U, 3455.56～5978.15U, 248.76～613.74U and 23.63～107.08U,respectively, growth rate of fermentation were enhanced by 191.7%～794.5%,4.7%～81.1%19.5%～194.8%and 129.6%～940.6%;growth rate of inoculated were enhanced by 68.9%～206.7%,36.7%～73.0%,10.2%～146.7% and109.4%～526.0%; growth rate of sterilization were enhanced by 9.4%～45.2%,1.7%～61.0%,7.5%～71.1%and 22.2%～118.6%;separately,compared with blank samples. the treatmentYH is more superior than any others in raise the activity of 4 hydrolysis enzyme significantly. In addition,adding oil foot in raw material also have a role.6.Under the non-sterilized conditions, beside the growth rate were reduced, the contents of bioactive substances and the activityof hydrolase on potato slag and apple pomace fermentation feed are similar with sterilized conditions . |
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