A Large-scale Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocols

At present large-scale wireless sensor network applications are increasing. But most studies are for small-scale networks. So it is very necessary and important to research on large-scale sensor network related technology. Accordingly this background, this paper's research content is routing technology, which is one of its key technologies. Based on in-depth study of routing protocols, a routing protocol for large scale sensor network named TCRP protocol has been proposed.In this article, in-depth analysis the advantages and disadvantages of a typical routing protocol PEGASI protocol, TREEPSI protocol, as basis of new protocol design. In PEGASIS protocol, all nodes in the network are established to form a chain path, so that nodes can only communicate with the nearest neighbor nodes to achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption. The TREEPSI protocol is one of improvement protocols of PEGASIS protocol. A transmission path named tree path was proposed which further increase energy efficiency in TREEPSI protocol. It not only makes the node communication with the nearest neighbor node, but also reduces data transmission path, and reduces the number of data fusion compared with the PEGASIS protocol. In the study of PEGASIS protocol and TREEPSI protocol, found that there is no source code, this would result in there is no basis of comparison for new protocol design. So the work processes of the two protocols was designed, according to their basic idea, and carried out under the NS2 simulation tool, simulation results were basically consistent with the original protocols.In order to reduce energy consumption, using ideas of node only communicate with the neighbor node which was proposed in PEGASIS protocol; combining with tree structure which was proposed in TREEPSI Protocol and the idea of clustering, a Tree-Cluster protocol named TCRP Protocol which applies to large-scale sensor networks has been designed. First network is divided into multiple clusters by Sink. A first level network is constituted by the nodes intra the cluster. A higher level network is constituted by cluster head nodes. A two layers tree path is build in the two level networks. Slot allocation algorithm was designed, making every node's transmission time different to avoid communication conflicts inter cluster, each cluster using a different CDMA code to avoid conflict resulted by simultaneous communication intra clusters, and energy threshold algorithm was designed to balance network energy consumption.TCRP protocol makes full use of the advantages of tree structure, is more suitable for large-scale wireless sensor network applications. In this paper, detail Design background, work flow, message format and state transition diagram were designed, carried out under the NS2 tool, and compared various aspects of performance with TREEPSI protocol and PEGASIS protocol in many scenarios. Simulation results showed that TCRP protocol has good performance.