Distributed Meteorological Observing System Network Communication Technology

The distributed and integrated meteorological observation system is a distributed and real-time observation system combined data acquisition, modern communication technology with computer network. It has the characteristics of high actual effect, better simultaneity, more stations and non-concentrated distributing. The weather stations overseas have almost been automated telemetry stations which have improved their simultaneity and veracity of observation. While local automatic observation systems lately rose, are built in disuniform and especially have no uniform criterions. So, studying the automatic observation system is very necessary. Just about based on this purpose, this paper contrasts and analyses the communication modes of local meteorological observation system and studies the scheme of communication network configuration which is introduced in the process of building Jinan integrated meteorological observation system.Firstly, this paper presents the task's background, local and oversea current status of development, purpose of studying, and the main research work; deeply researches the relevant technology of distributed real-time observation system; and prominently studies the development and evolvement of mobile communication and the important protocol TCP/IP in network.Secondly, works over the development process of communication transmission mode in local meteorological observation system; contrasts and analyses five communication modes such as PSTNT communication, wavelet communication, special line communication, GSM short message communication and GPRS wireless communication. GPRS network has the characteristics of wide covering range, configuring network neatly and conveniently, faster transmission velocity, real-time online and lower cost in communication, and internet has the characteristics of mature, steady network and convenient connection. Moreover, the two technologies have realized seamless connection between them. So in allusion to the quality and the special requirement of the integrated meteorological observation system, distributed and integrated meteorological observation system based on GPRS and internet is the best choice.Finally, studies the system's collective form and devising work in the material actualization. The whole system can be divided into three parts, control center terminal, collection device terminal and communications terminal. Control center terminal is mainly comprised of center control software, and its functions include giving order to the long-distance terminal, providing the flat roof of administration and data index, real-timely disposing the data acquired which are then stored in database and created normative meteorological files uploaded to weather bureau of province. Collection device terminal mainly achieves the work of collecting meteorological factors. Communications terminal realizes the GPRS communication mode by configuring the H7118 GPRS DTU module. In the process of system devising, investigates the working principle of various meteorological factor sensors and deeply studies the key technologies of the system such as syndrome , synchronization, data acquisition and data storage.According to the study and achievement, the distributed and integrated meteorological observation system based on GPRS and internet given in this paper can satisfy the need of modern distributed observation system and possesses higher instruction sense and reference value for the design, development and realization of the same system in future.