Form And Direction Of Arrival Estimation Based On The Vector Sensor's Beam

Two characters of the new array system in the future are the new system and the new methods in signal procession. In order to solve the problem, in the late 20th centuries, the measurement of oscillating speed and the traditional scalar quantity measurement are conjoined in the research of the vector sensor array technologies by the developed countries such as the former Soviet Russia and the USA. The vector sensor is composed of the undirected traditional scalar sensor and the particle oscillating speed sensor with natural directory even particle which is independent of frequency, and the technology is used widely in processing the array signals.If the array antenna technology is used in the mobile communication system, the capacity of the channel will be enhanced, the spectrum efficiency will be increased, and the overcast range will be extended. Adjusting the shape of the beam and riding the multi-beam to trace the client can improve the performance of the system obviously. The method that the combination based on the array antenna and the corresponding adapting arithmetic to form adapting array antenna mobile communication can enhance the whole system performance. It makes the frequency emission directed, and focus the frequency of the emission signal on the expecting direction, at the same time, cuts down the interruption of the unexpecting signal. The channel is divided through the direction of the beam space. That is to say the space division is seemed as a kind of accessing method. That is a new wireless accessing method named SDMA (Space Division Multiple Access). As the complementary of FDMA,TDMA,CDMA,SDMA can divide several signals which are overlapped each other on spectrum and time field and update the response of time field, frequency field, and space field. When the electromagnetism vector sensor is used in the mobile communication system to estimate the DOA (Direction-of-arrival) high resolving rate will be gotten, and its efficiency of calculating is high.In the processing of sonar signal, in order to make sure the direction of thearrival of sound wave (DOA), sound press sensor array is often used to sample the sound field in space, and then estimate the space spectrum. So far, there are so many DOA estimating methods based on the sound press sensor array, such as the classical method based on the Fourier Transform, the method of parameter model, the subspace class method, and the resolving convolution class method and so on. In recent years, a style of new sensor named sound under water vector sensor draws the researchers' attention a lot. The sound under water vector sensor can not only measure the scalar parameter named sound press of sound field, but also measure the vector parameter named the oscillating speed of the particle at the same time. It obviously can be seen that the DOA estimating method based on the vector sensor array is much more valuable than the scalar sensor array, because of the direction sensitivity of the sensor and the increased information quantity measured.