H.264 Coding Algorithm For Fpga-based Design

The H.264/AVC is the newest video coding standard developed by ITU-T and ISO. The paper firstly introduces the coding strategy and the new techniques which improve the coding efficiency in the H.264/AVC. Further more, intra prediction and integer transform&quantization are analyzed emphatically which are the core techniques in the H.264/AVC.In the H.264/AVC, if a block or macroblock is encoded in intra mode, for the luminance (luma) samples, there are a total of 9 optional prediction modes for each 4×4 luma block, 4 optional modes for a 16×16 luma block;for the chrominace (chroma) samples, there are a total of 4 optional prediction modes. These prediction modes ensure the prediction precision and save the bitstream greatly. As the former image coding standards, the H.264/AVC is also based on transform coding algorithm. The H.264/AVC adopts the 4×4 integer transform. Unlike the popular 8×8 DCT used in previous standards, the 4×4 integer transform can be computed without multiplications, just additions and shifts in 16-bit arithmetic, thus minimizing computational complexity and avoid inverse transform mismatch. The paper firstly describes the intra prediction systematicly, and tests the influence to coding efficiency of different prediction modes using JM. Further more, the integer transform and quantization algorithm in H.264/AVC will be disscussed.Based on the analyzed to the H.264/AVC theory, the project of design a full I picture H.264/AVC video codec based on FPGA is proposed. The codec is mainly composed of intra prediction, integer transform and quantization, CAVLC. Firstly, the paper analyzes the system frame design detailedly, and then discusses the key algorithm, such as intra prediction, integer transform and quantization, etc. Finaly the simulation based on FPGA is done to test the design. Experimental results show that this codec project can acquire high clear video at the cost of a small quantity of hardware resource. Though the bitstream is a little big, the design of this codec project is a goodish experiment and research for H.264 codec chip, so this paper is a good reference for the design of H.264/AVC codec chip.