Lijiang, Yunnan Tourism Development In The Main "marginalized" Phenomenon

Tourism exploitation directly connected with the development of local economy and society, so it's always one of the research focus and difficulties to study the relationship between tourism exploitation and the development of national area economy and society. The macroeconomic development of national area becomes the focus of attention along with the overall strength improvement of society economy. At the same time, travel industry, as one of the prioritized industry for local economy and society developing, has greatly work on the exploitation of national area in the whole world. But "the tourism exploitation of national area" can't be equal to "the tourism development of national area" in a real sense. According to the actual situation, most of the projects or plans named "tourism exploitation of national area" are carried out in the undeveloped region. It must be emphasized that to develop the travel industry is merely instrument or accesses, and the real "tourism exploitation of national area" must take the developing of national area as the tenet, take the economic benefit as a precondition, take the integrated development of local community of minority as the content, and take the society's active variance as the final destination. And the variance must take the development of the principal part as a core. The principal part should be the local residents of the tourist destination.Travel industry could drive the development of local economy and other industry. This is becoming an advantage of the development of national area travel industry. But this "driving strength" must take the studying of the character of the nature and society economy as a basic. In many national areas, the "driving abilities" are not only impaired greatly, but also bringing into negative effects because of the backward development. In fact, such area is becoming "travel enclave" or having property of enclaves, but we often proclaim that as different kinds of modes.So, to alleviate poverty by tourism exploitation, we must envisage the conflicts between the destination of poverty alleviation and the economic operation in national areas. And to keep the balance of benefit between the residents of depressed area and the nonnative developer is key point, because nonnative developer who regards making profit as object is not only the crucial component of exploitation in the tourism area, but also the group who will scramble for the formed benefit.This paper takes the imbalance of benefit distribution between different participants of national area's tourism developing as entry point, is mainly studying the effects of tourism development. It occurs in many minority areas that more and more local residents who should be the main body of the tourism development are elbowed out and could get little benefit, even though the travel industry get considerable development. Nonnative developers and the local minorities gather the market opportunities in their hands and get the most of the achievement. This article in view of such phenomena, using dialectical analysis method, investigating method, historical analysis method, contrast-analysis method and etc., proposed a primary conclusion by studying the "main body-margined" in the tourism development in Lijiang and combining the individual cases analysis. That is the "main body-margined" of the tourism development in Lijiang is inevitability of history and relative rationality, but its harmfulness will be more obvious and will impact the sustainable healthy development of the tourism. Finally, proposed a befitting Endogenous Development Mode for Lijiang, aiming at relieving the "main body-margined" combined with endogenous development strategy, to help developing the national area tourism theoretically and practically and then build a harmonious society in Lijiang.This paper includes three parts. The introduction recommends the studying background, the related design and studying trends. The main text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is conception, mainly defining the concept of "main body", "margined", etc., and expatiating on the necessary of studying the "main body-margined" in the development of Lijiang travel industry. The second chapter is analysis, using field investigation to analyze the reasons of "main body-margined" by studying all kinds of phenomena of "main body-margined" among different folks or industries at different stages. The third chapter is proposals, proposing "Endogenous Development Strategy" as the path to walk out of the dilemma of "main body-margined". Finally is conclusion and discussion, simply summarizing the paper.