China's Industrial Structure And Employment Structure Analysis Of The Non-balanced Development

Since reform and opening-up, China has made the great achievement in economic development and the living standards of the people are being improved constantly. Our national economy is developed in a healthy way, however, the employment elasticity brought from the economic growth is reduced year by year. The employment enlargement of the state-owned and collective-owned enterprises are dropping constantly with the rising of urban registered unemployment rate, and the surplus labor in the rural has no available work positions. As a result of these factors interweave together, the pressure on employment of our country become more and more heavy, which leads to the state of high economic growth and low employment. In the reforming period, the industrial structure is in the historical stage of rebuilding strategically. The proportion of the capital-intensive and technology-intensive industry is rising constantly, the proportion of the tertiary industry is being improved, and the new industries is emerging quickly, meanwhile, a series of structural transitions have taken place. To a country with abundant even surplus labor, and the overall laborer quality can not meet with the social needs, the employment structure will be influenced by the industrial structure adjustment and upgrading inevitably. And whether the laborer's employment structure is rational, whether the labor's disposition is efficient, is also the key factor of influencing industrial structure adjustment. So, under the double background that the violent change of industrial structure and the increasing pressure on employment, it is a great realistic project to research that how can employment quantity increase through the impelling of industrial structure, and how can employment structure comply with the demand of industrial structure rebuilding to reach the coordinated development of the two.Above all, the dissertation uses relative theories to analyze the change progress of the industrial structure and employment structure of our country in detail with the method of theoretical research and empirical analysis. Point out the characteristic of the two and the existing problems in the change progress, then analyze the reasons and give some suggestions to correct the deviation between the two.This dissertation is divided into four parts.In partⅠ, the theory of industrial structure and employment structure is explained at first with relative concepts, and offered the theoretical foundation for analyzing the characteristic and deviation of the change progress in our country. Then introduce the theory of the change in labor's employment in the progress of industrial structure and explain theoretically the according relationship between the two structure.PartⅡanalyzes the characteristic that the industrial structure and the employment structure influencing each other based on the research of PartⅠ. The industrial structure determines the labor's scale of employment, employment structure and its development. The change of the employment will bring effect to the industrial structure and put forward the laborer many demands to meet the new conversion which in order to adapt to the industrial structure.PartⅢis the empirical analysis, analyze the non-balanced development performance of our country industrial structure and employment structure based on the trend characteristic of the two. And point out that the reason of present pressure on employment in our country is not only conversion lag of industrial structure, but also the influence of deviation between industries-employment structure. The reason of conversion lag includes such factors as former economic development strategy deviation, low urbanization level and former economic structure, etc. and the main reason of deviation between industrial-employment structure is the unsatisfied households register system, labor market, social security and education system.PartⅣis about policy recommendations, based on the summarization of above parts. It is proposed that the coordinated development of industrial structure and employment structure is a key factor to the economic development quality and the people's lives. Our country should take the positive affection to promote the development of the tertiary industry to avoid the adverse effect to the employment from the conversion lagging of industrial structure. It is correct to encourage the the individual private enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises. Meanwhile, it is correct to accelerate the reform of household register system, set up unified labor market, perfect social security system and development educate in order to improve quality of labor. The realization of the coordination will lead to increasing employment, and lightening the pressure on employment. This is an important way to construct the harmonious society.