Reform And Opening Up Of Agricultural Land Theory Of Institutional Change

China's rural land system is always an important problem being paid close attention. The establishment of the household responsibility system reform has brought about flourishing lease of life to our country agriculture, but, after developing for more than twenty years, its achievement effect has almost come to the end and its defects begin to appear, also gradually, a few new form has begun to appear, various arguments have appeared at the same time about agriculture field proprietary right. For this status , the essay passing the fundamental changing theory to rural land system , agriculture field system affecting achievement effect approach and the viewpoint to our country agriculture field system and its innovative pattern , combining with current agriculture field institutional innovation practice , has brought forward thoughts to further perfect our country agriculture field system .The essay mainly constitutes four parts. Part I simple introduces fundamental agriculture field system theory; include agriculture field system classics theory, the cause of changing and their approach affecting the economy achievement effect happened in agriculture field system. Part II priority sets forth the system achievement effect that the household responsibility system produces, includes establishing and developing process, economy achievement effect and politics achievement effect produced by it. That Chinese agriculture field system change, contributes to the agriculture and national economy increase in many-sided. To economy achievement effect, it has brought about diversifying rural organizes system; has made most effective of agricultural resources, included land resources , human resources and fund; it also has promoted the agriculture and the national economy grow coordinated, has accelerated rural economy structure alteration , made rural labor employment structure changing greatly , made outstanding contribution to national economy .Observed from the political behavior angle, establishing of the fundamental household system, has satisfied the compatibility of different economy interested parties nearly. Observed from the maximal decision-maker angle, new system has embodied state will; observed from the local government and the community, decentralization make them become the innovator and arrangement of new system; observed from economy interested party, creation and establishment of the household system comes from their own needs; the urban resident benefit from the extremely rich agricultural products bringing about from system changes, also hold same attitude. Part III is viewpoint about the agriculture field system changes and its innovation. This kind of argument discusses the leading exponents and their choice supporting land nationalization at present, privatization and the collective ownership. It has discussed the creation that "two field system", management of scale, "four wastes" servitude of existence auctions at present as well as the share makes in cooperation and develop process, their respective excellent shortcoming and place suitable for use mainly. The final part has pointed out the defect that exists in agriculture field system at present: misty of land property right; defective of peasant's property right; equalitarianism in income distribution; Land had been adjusted shortly frequently, contracting scheduled time; faulty of land circulation mechanism. For this defect brings forward future's develop direction and the countermeasure specifically : standard rural area land property system; perfect rural area land use system; build rural area land circulation system; accelerate agriculture field supporting system reformation.