In Vitro Antioxidative Effects Of Four Polysaccharides And Their Combination

Polysaccharides are the compounds which are consisted of more than ten monosaccharides. The compounds are connected by glycosidic bonds in the forms of aldehyde or ketone. They are widely distributed in the nature, especially in mushrooms and some species of microorganisms. Recently, along with the improvement of laboratory techniques in isolation, purification and component as well as structural analysis, some new biological functions of polysaccharides has been studied. A great attention has been paid on the effects of polysaccharides in cellular signaling and transportation, immunological regulation, anti-radiation and anti-cancer. The polysaccharides extracted from mushrooms showed therapeutic effects in immunological improvement and anti-cancer. This implied a great prospective future for effective medicine made from polysaccharides in anticancer.Nowadays, as the changing of human living environment and the changing of nutrition patterns, the list of global disease and medical model are changed, and a simple chemical drug can be no longer suited for needs of people for preventing and curing disease. The food and nature medicine are mixed, according to the strict compound ways. They are not individual alone in the nature, but they are organic groups, and these elements interwoven into a very complicated three-dimensional structure, and there are some materials on the structure by mosaicing, including protein, vitamins, minerals, and so even thousands of complex combination. They treated the requirements to withstand every disease and show magic power. Such as fungi not only a complete, high-quality and high nutrient content in general nutrition and more important thing is that there are chemical structure stability material and outstanding physiological function of active substances in it. These active substances have complex structure, various types, and different function, and singleβ-alone polysaccharide are hundreds of types, and triterpenes are also 100 kinds, and alkaloids, adenosine, Vitamins and so on. These elements compound natural "JUN CHEN ZUO SHI" good combination, and played the role of prevention and treatment of various diseases. Most of edible fungi polysaccharide have special activity, and different edible polysaccharides have different structure, and have different treatment and conditioning for the human bodies. Polysaccharides have grafted strong activity, based on "JUN CHEN ZUO SHI" pharmacology ways, polysaccharide gene have more comprehensive treatment efficacy, and not only treat reason of disease, but also treat disease themselves, from surface to enter, and can cordite carried out disease in all directions, until rehabilitation.From the reports: one polysaccharide alone has a certain anti-tumor effect, but the effects of two immunoenhancer, including two polysaccharides are higher, and it has synergy in academic perspective, and it can improve immune-enhancing and anti-tumor effects. The efficacy of polysaccharide compound is superior to single polysaccharide, mainly through the compatibility between the drugs played a complementary role, and can significantly improve efficacy. At present, the polysaccharide complex synergy studies have aroused enough interest in academics. The role of complex polysaccharides is not the simple sum of singer polysaccharide, and the compositions complement each other, and the effects of additive, synergistic or antagonistic can not be ignored.Polysaccharide compound will produce the synergy, addition or antagonism, which will raise or drop the effect, in what manner a combination of compatibility in the development of polysaccharide plays a decisive role. This area of exploration is not only necessary, will also be very valuable. we can see that separated or purified polysaccharides pharmacological activity not better than crude extract of polysaccharides or simply isolated from the initial polysaccharide, so this paper pick up crude polysaccharide to study. Oxygen can not only promote the origin of life and evolution, but also impact on individual development and classifying cell, while oxygen have closely related to ageing and pathological process of disease, such as atherosclerosis and cancer, aging of red blood cells or anemia, radiation damage, lung disease, aging, immune diseases, and so on, that are concerned with the oxygen free radicals. Therefore, we used to oxygen free radicals in vitro, hydroxyl radical cleaning as the basis, verify effectively the compatibility of compound polysaccharide, and confirm whether the principle have its rationality or feasibility or not, and give the theory for the clinical application.ObjectiveBased on the antioxidant role in vitro, to the effectiveness and structure of the synergies as rules, study four fungi polysaccharide compound the best combination, in order to apply the compound ways of application of polysaccharide.MethodsUsing Phellinus linteus coarse polysaccharides, Lentinus edodes coarse polysaccharides, Fluffy white birch coarse polysaccharide, and Coriolus versciclor coarse polysaccharides as stuff, Using DNS method and pyrogallol auto-oxidation to determine their Super-oxide anion radical and Hydroxyl free radical cleaning rate. Judged by cleaning rate, using L16 (4~5) orthogonal experiment to study mixing methods, and also study the condition of UV absorption spectrum and content of the coarse polysaccharides.Results1. From UV absorption spectrum, the max absorption wavelength were 258～260nm, but the absorption curve shape were different, and even if at the same wavelength different polysaccharides had different UV absorption spectrum.2. Through the phenol-sulfuric acid conditions for Quantitative Determination of experiments showed that the optimum conditions were as follows: 5%phenol is 1.6ml, concentrated sulfuric acid is 6.5ml, the temperature of water is 25℃, measured at 1h is appropriate; In 0.0080～0.0640g/L of concentration, polysaccharides concentration and UV absorbance(absorption wavelength for 490nm)showed a linear relati-onship(r=0.9995); relative average deviation of the standard≤1.42%, the standard deviation of sample S=0.66(n=4); The average recovery rate was 98.01%, standarard deviation S=2.17(n=4).3. Through determining Super-oxide anion radical and Hydroxyl free radical of Phellinus linteus coarse polysaccharides, Lentinus edodes coarse polysaccharides, Fluffy white birch coarse polysaccharide, and Coriolus versciclor coarse polysaccharides, we can find when the four coarse polysaccharides concentration are 5.0g/L, their cleaning rate on Hydroxyl free radical were 46.40%, 67.63%, 58.68%, 53.92%; and when concentration are 20g/L, their cleaning rate on Hydroxyl free radical were 70.18%, 90.36%, 93.12%, 85.00%.4. Through determining L16(4~5) orthogonal experiment of the coarse polysaccharides result, we can find the best mixing ways of compound polysaccharides, 4.66g/L Phellinus linteus coarse polysaccharides, 6.64g/L Lentinus edodes coarse polysaccharides, 4.22g/L Fluffy white birch coarse polysaccharides, 8.09g/L Coriolus versciclor coarse polysaccharide.ConclusionFungi polysaccharide identified four groups, the best ratio was 4.66g/L phellinus linteus coarse polysaccharides, 4.22 g/L Fluffy white birch coarse polysaccharides, 8.09g/L coriolus versciclor coarse polysaccharides, 6.64g/L Lentinus edodes coarse polysaccharides. And the hydroxyl free radical clearance rate of the combination of polysaccharides was 75.63%.