| Applying fertilization is one of the most important cultivation ways to control the yield and quality of wheat. This study take the Guinong 18 as material, under the condition of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of the same premise, design different fertilizer usage and topdressing measures, analysis the effect of fertilizer application and physiological characteristics on the yield and quality, as well as yield, quality and fertilizers, nutrition related physiological indicators, while on the ecological conditions in Guizhou karst mountain covered under wheat cultivation increase efficiency mechanism; results are as follows :1. The effect of different amount of fertilization on physical characteristics, yield and quality of wheat.Fertilizers could significantly increase the dry matter accumulation, leaf nitrate reduction activity, root activity, chlorophyll content, yield and quality, with the increase in the amount of fertilizer, wheat grain yield and grain protein content, the settlement value and gluten content with the amount of fertilizer increased steadily increased grain hardness and density changes little grain weight down.Wheat grain yield, protein and gluten content and nitrate reduction activity wheat leaves, root activity and chlorophyll content of the relevance of a strong grain seed weight, the settlement value and relevance of its density is not strong; can monitor the fertility of wheat yield and quality associated with the Several of the above-mentioned high physiological indicators to enhance wheat grain yield and grain quality improvement purposes.2. The effect of fertilizer application combined with film-covered on the nutritional physiology, yield and quality of wheat.As covered cultivation of the improved environment for the growth of wheat, fertilizer on wheat dry matter accumulation, leaf nitrate reduction activity, chlorophyll content, root activity and the promotion of grain yield and quality of the weakened role; Soil and Fertilizer drought or excessive concentration would produce poison wheat , resulting in praline content of wheat increased fertilizer application on the wheat plants covered nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium significantly affect different measures topdressing pilot showed that with nitrogen before retracting late plant nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium Content differences reached 5% significance level, the grain yield, quality role in promoting significantly increased with the amount of fertilizer, and grain yield of wheat grain protein and gluten content of the settlement was significantly higher grain hardness, grain weight and bulk density decreased, the former nitrogen retracting yield advantage eroded.The yield and quality of film-covered wheat and nitrate reduction activity and root vigor and plant nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium between significant positive correlation between grain and grain weight between phosphorus plant was a significant negative correlation between the monitoring covered by wheat nitrate reduction activity and root vigor, and other physiological indicators, control wheat nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient dynamics change, reasonable fertilization, covered wheat production to achieve the maximum economic benefit.3. Economic efficiency analysis.Through the Wheat material and labor input and output analysis, under the conditions of different fertilizer levels, with the amount of fertilizer increased, and net income and middle class than for the overall alive with increased first, and then decreasing trend; fertilization for 270kg N per hm2, 135 kg P2O5 per hm2, and 135kg K2O per hm2 jointing, heading deep the economic benefits of the best fertilizer application, and net income of 4,850 yuan per hm2, the yield ratio of 2.72 for is balance the economic and social benefits excellent choice. Covered under the conditions of cultivation, fertilization with different measures and the increase of consumption, a one-time processing and fertilizer, foliar fertilizer deal with the economic differences gradually narrowed, fertilization for 225kg N per hm2, 112.5 kg P2O5 per hm2, 112.5kg K2O per hm2 and one-time fertilization is to enhance wheat production, development of water-saving agricultural dry lands in Guizhou Province, an effective solution to karst mountain wheat drought and water shortage of modern cultivation measures.4. Study on the Mechanism of increasing yield and efficiency of film-covered wheat in Karst area.The main reason was the soil temperature and soil moisture was kept, in the early spring at the same time the low temperature, low temperature, drought impact on wheat is the main obstacle to the growth and development factor, after covered film, the soil moisture and temperature increased, which led to the physical structure of soil fertility conditions and the improvement of wheat growth and development and promote root growth, which in the end made early production efficiency results. |
