Effect Of Different Fertilizer Wipes And Film Colors On Potato Yield And Quality In Southern Mountain Area Of Ningxia

Potato is an important economic crop in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia,which plays an vital role in the survival and poverty alleviation of local farmers.In response to the problems of low annual rainfall,uneven annual distribution,strong evaporation of soil moisture,unreasonable combinations of fertilizer types and film colors in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia in recent years,setting three types of film color(A),which are no film(A1),white film(A2),black film(A3),and three different fertilizers(B),which are no fertilizer(B1),formula fertilizer(B2),controlled-release fertilizer(B3),three different film colors and fertilizers were randomly composed of nine different treatment combinations.The application rates of nitrogen fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer,and potassium fertilizer were N 391.33 kg/hm2,P2O5 749.96 kg/hm2,and K2O 86.55 kg/hm2,controlled-release fertilizer 667.77 kg/hm2.Different fertilizer types and membrane colors were used to research on potato growth and development,accumulation of dry matter,nitrogen?phosphorus and potassium uptake accumulation rule,yield,and quality,and accordingly select the best combination of fertilizer type and membrane color for high quality and yield in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia.It will provide scientific basis for the local farmers to increase production and efficiency,and to get rid of poverty.Below are key research findings:(1)Mulching can shift to a 2-5 days earlier date for the potato seedling.The treatment of white film and black film were 2 days earlier and 3 days earlier than those without film treatment.The white film is more conducive to the increase of plant height,accumulation of dry matter,and nitrogen and potassium nutrient uptake accumulation.The average plant height of white film treatment potato was 69.86 cm,which was 15.80%higher than that of the non-film treatment.And the average total dry matter accumulation was 355.25 g/plant,which was 41.26%higher than that of the non-film treatment.The average cumulative accumulation of nitrogen and potassium nutrients was 4.28 g/plant and 7.65 g/plant,which was 42.67%and 45.71%higher than those without film treatment.The treatment of white film and black film can increase potato yield compared with non-film treatment.The average yield of white film and black film treatment potato was 30227 kg/hm2 and 29973 kg/hm2,which was 28.35%and 27.27%higher than that those without film treatment.The black film was more conducive to the nutrient uptake accumulation in the potato,and the average cumulative accumulation of phosphorus nutrient was 1.14 g/plant,which was 96.55%higher than that of the non-film treatment.(2)Controlled-release fertilizer is more conducive to the increase of plant height and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrient uptake accumulation in potato.The average plant height of controlled-release fertilizer treatment potato was 70.95 cm,which was 16.81%higher than that without fertilizer treatment.The average cumulative accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrients was 4.04 g/plant,1.04 g/plant,and 7.08 g/plant,which was higher than that without fertilizer treatment 19.17%,33.33%,and 15.88%.Formula fertilizer is more conducive to promote potato dry matter accumulation and yield increase.The average dry matter accumulation of potato treated with formula fertilizer was 339.92 g/plant,which was 10.75%higher than the total dry matter accumulation without fertilizer treatment.The average yield reached 29077 kg/hm2,which was 13.48%higher than that without fertilizer treatment.(3)The seedling emergence rate of black-film with controlled-release fertilizer was 11.42%higher than that of no film and no fertilizer treatment.Compared with no film and no fertilizer treatment,the white film with controlled-release fertilizer treatment increased the plant height by 38.98%.The yield of the white film with formula fertilizer treatment increased by 49.2%compared with the non-film and no fertilizer treatment,and the net income increased by 34.0%.The black film with formula fertilizer treatment can effectively increase the vitamin C in potato,and the content of vitamin C can reach 23.41 mg/100g.And the black film with formula fertilizer treatment can also reduce the content of reducing sugar in potato,the reducing sugar content can reach 0.375 g/100g;the white film with no fertilizer treatment can effectively reduce nitrite content,the content of nitrite is 0.091 mg/kg;the black-film with controlled-release fertilizer can effectively increase potato starch content,and the starch content reached to 19.81 g/100g;the no film and controlled release fertilizer treatment can make contributions to potato amylose content,and the amylose content in potato reached to 3.87 g/100g.Considering all the factors such as potato yield,economic benefit and quality,the best combination of fertilizer and film color for planting potatoes in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia is the treatment of white film with formula fertilizer.