Effects Of Different Irrigation Patterns On Growth And Development,Physiological Characteristics, Yield And Quality Of Open Field And Film Mulching Cotton

There is a serious shortage of water resources in Hebei Province,and the efficiency of agricultural irrigation water use is low and waste is serious.Therefore,how to use limited water resources to achieve high cotton production efficiency is one of the issues that need to be solved urgently.Use the Nongda 601 cotton as test materials,in 2016 and 2017,field split plot experiment was carried out in Qingyuan county of Baoding and Wei county of Xingtai.The main treatments were no film?NF?and mulching film?MF?.The side treatments were border irrigation(W1,600m³·hm^-2,marked as high moisture treatment),limited amount every-other furrow irrigation?(W2,450 m³·hm^-2,marked as moisture treatment)and limited amount every-other furrow irrigation?(W3,300 m³·hm^-2,marked as low moisture treatment),The film-covered border irrigation was the conventional cultivation mode of local cotton.The effects of various treatments on cotton growth and development,yield and quality,photosynthetic characteristics and water use efficiency were studied to provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for cotton water-saving production in Hebei Province.The main results are as follows:1.Qingyuan county was a low water in 2016 and a high water in 2017,there was no water treatment in 2017.Wei county was a wet year in 2016 and a flat water year in 2017.2.In 2016 in Qingyuan county,there was no significant difference in plant height and stem diameter between high and medium-water-covered cotton,but it was significantly higher than other treatments.the plant height and stem diameter of cotton treated with mulching film and low water were significantly decreased by 6.93%and 6.42%respectively compared with that treated with mulching film and high water.The plant height of cotton treated with no film and low water significantly decreased by 10.03%compared with that treated with no film and high water.3.In 2016 in Qingyuan county,the LAI of cotton treated with no film and low water reached the maximum value at wadding stage,while that of other treatments reached the maximum value at flowering and boll stage.At 106 days?full-boll stage?after planting,the LAI of cotton treated with no film and low water significantly decreased by 17.83%compared with that treated with no film and high water;At 131 days?Wadding stage one?after planting,the LAI of cotton treated with no film and low water significantly increased by 21.27%compared with that treated with no film and high water;At 131 days?Wadding stage two?after planting,the LAI of cotton treated with mulching film and low water significantly decreased by 63.36%compared with that treated with mulching film and high water,and severe premature senility occurs.In 2016 and 2017 in Wei county,the LAI reached the maximum value in the flowering and boll stage,and there was no significant difference between the treatments.4.In 2016 in Qingyuan county,the yield and water use efficiency of no film and low water treatments were significantly lower than those of other treatments,and there was no significant difference among other treatments.The yield and water use efficiency of no film and low water treatment significantly decreased by 24.93%and 19.87%respectively compared with no film and high water treatment,and significantly decreased by 17.92%and 17.51%respectively compared with mulching film and low water treatment.In 2016and 2017 in Wei county,the yield and water use efficiency of non-mulching medium and low water treatments were significantly lower than those of other treatments,and there was no significant difference among other treatments.Among them,the yield of medium and low water treatments without film significantly decreased by 10.21%¹6.00%and 13.63%¹8.84%respectively compared with no film and high water treatment,and significantly decreased by 12.96%¹6.62%and 15.04%¹6.29%respectively compared with medium and low water treatments without film;The water use efficiency of medium and low water treatment without film was significantly decreased by 8.33%¹3.80%and 9.72%¹4.61%respectively compared with high water treatment without film,and significantly decreased by 13.73%¹6.51%and 15.03%¹6.31%respectively compared with medium and low water treatments without film.Mulching film or not and irrigation amount had little effect on fiber quality of cotton.In summary,under the experimental conditions,no film and high water treatment had a reasonable population structure and source-sink relationship,no plastic film residue;mulching film and medium water treatment had a reasonable population structure and source-sink relationship,under the condition of reducing irrigation quantity,which could obtain ideal yield and improve water use efficiency.