Research On Eco-compensation Regime Of Nature Reserve Areas In China

The rapid development of our country has brought serious negative impact on the natural world. Many problems such as serious environment pollution,loss of biodiversity and ecological function degradation have seriously restricted the sustainable development of our country. Establishing nature reserves could protect biodiversity and restore ecosystem service effectively. But due to the utilization of the resource in reserves is limited or completely forbidden,the residents in reserves have to change or give up the traditional way of life and production,or even ecological resettlement. They made sacrifice for the ecological protection of nature reserves which made the reserves provide better ecosystem services,but the beneficiaries of the ecosystem services get them for free.It’s obviously unfair. The beneficiaries shall offer compensation to the residents in the nature reserves. However our country has not established a complete and systematical ecological compensation system of nature reserves. Construction of a reasonable and effective eco-compensation regime of nature reserve areas is one of the most imminent questions.Firstly,give the concepts of eco-compensation regime of nature reserve areas, introduce the basic principles of the regim,and analyze the function and value of the regim. Secondly, analyze the theoretical basis of the regim from the economic,ecology, and law points of view. Especially clarified the necessity of establishing eco-compensation regime of nature reserve areas based on the justice of law theory,environmental right theory and sustainable development theory. Thirdly,discuss the current situation of legislation and practice of eco-compensation regime of nature reserve areas,summarizes the deficiencies of the regime in our county. Then,analyze the USA farmland protective plan,Brazil ecological value added tax,Costa Rica payment scheme for ecosystem services and other countries’eco-compensation regime cases,summarizes the abroad eco-compensation regime and the enlightenment to China. Finally, propose advices to improve our eco-compensation regime from the selection of legislative models,the improvement of the regime of subject,the perfection of compensation, the determination of compensation criteria,the widening of financing,the improvement of operation mechanism,respectively, in order to establish the eco-compensation regime of nature reserve areas in China.