Study On The Problems And Countermeasures Of Ecological Compensation In Local Forest Type Nature Reserves In Shenyang City

The ecological compensation of local nature reserves has some deficiencies in policy perfection,fund source,management and protection,which makes the implementation of ecological compensation policy difficult to meet the expected requirements.Taking Shenyang City as an example,this paper studies the two local nature reserves in Shenyang,namely,baiqingzhai nature reserve and Wulongshan nature reserve,and explores effective ecological compensation countermeasures that can protect the interests of residents.Through the methods of questionnaire survey and field investigation,the relevant information of baiqingzhai and Wulongshan Nature Reserve was collected.The ecosystem service function of baiqingzhai and Wulongshan Nature Reserve was estimated by using market value method,opportunity cost method,shadow price method,shadow engineering method,travel cost method and alternative cost method Value is the upper limit of ecological compensation.The upper limit of ecological compensation was corrected by the coefficient of development stage,and the results were 7538.9 yuan/ha and 7393.9 yuan/ha.The lower limit of ecological compensation for Baiqingzhai and Wulong mountain was 3548.1 yuan/ha and 3750.9 yuan /ha by mathematical expectation method.The investigation shows that the compensation funds of Baiqingzhai and Wulongshan nature reserves are only supported by local finance,and lack of other sources of funds,which results in the shortage of funds,low attention and low ecological compensation standards of local nature reserves.Due to the imprecise delimitation of the existing protected areas and the high standards of laws and regulations at the present stage,part of the economic forest land in the reserve is also included in the red line of protection,which leads to the problems of under forest economic development and difficult use of forest resources.At the same time,the residents around the Baiqingzhai and Wulongshan nature reserve are aging,and they have a weak ability to accept things.Moreover,the local government still adopts more traditional publicity strategies,which leads to the problem that ordinary villagers have low understanding of ecological compensation.In order to solve the above problems,the following ecological compensation countermeasures are put forward.First,the nature reserve can be re-planned;secondly,the use of some forest land resources should be liberalized,and the cultivation under the forest should be developed properly;at the same time,we should strengthen the management of the use of ecological compensation funds to solve the problem of the lack of funds of local governments;the fourth is to optimize the management of the reserve,further improve the ecological compensation management system,strengthen management,strengthen publicity and education,and increase public awareness and consciousness of ecological protection.Among them,the re division of nature reserves is the most effective way to solve the contradiction at this stage,especially the Wulongshan nature reserve can greatly relieve the pressure of local financial ecological compensation,while the Baiqingzhai reserve can further solve the ecological compensation problem by developing under forest economy and other means.