Investigation To The Revolution And Making Technique Ofthe Ethic Musical Instrument Of Hubos

Hubos(火不思),a unique ethnic music instrument,named many different Chinese characters with similar pronunciation,such as浑不似,琥珀词,胡拨四,虎拨思,和必斯,and so on,was popular in the south,north,and western areas of China in the history.This instrument has a long history,which was selected as the national music instrument in both Yuan and Qing Dynasty and gradually disappeared in late Qing Dynasty.After the foundation of the People’s Republic of China,the C hinese government began to strengthen the inheritance of the ethic music and tried best to collect what is related to the ethnic music,which made it be reborn.In recent years,a new type Hubos has been developed in Inner Mongolia area.Based on the literature,though there is no definite argument to decide which nationality invented Hubos,it must belong to the same category as the pipa in terms of the appearance and the way they were played.Therefore,the author thinks that Hubos is invented by the nomads in the north area of China.Meanwhile,the author thinks it is impossible that Hubos stemmed from the pipa,evolved from some kind of Islamic instrument bought by Arab through the Silk Road,or introduced from the northwest Gaochang,area of Xinjiang.The kinds of the appearance and characteristics of Hubos made in Yuan,Ming,Qing Dynasty as well as the Republic of China are systematically arranged according to the excavation.Based on the records of the reference,C HAO Lu,a music instrument maker from Inner Mongolia area,could rebuild the traditional Hubos,but its tone and playing effect do not sound good as expectation,so popular Hubos today is the evolved ones in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Some makers,such as DUAN Tingjun,ZANG Zhiyi,BU He,CHAO Lu and so on,could master the skills well to made the new kind of Hubos.The author investigated ZANG Zhiyi’s work,which is typically representative.The new Hubos is made with the help of some modern factors in the making process,adding the sound beams and frets to it and the panel is made of wooden material.In the same time,the appearance is also improved,integrated with some Mongolian elements.Its head is changed from the straight panel to the arc one,and the body is modified with Mongolian patterns.Through the investigation we learned the techniques of making modern Hubos,which gains information to disseminate the way making Hubos and provides a guarantee for us to effectively protect this intangible cultural herita ge.By interviewing Surina,one of successors playing Hubos,and comparing with other relative ethnic music instrument,the author analyzes the teaching,inheriting,playing the new Hubos.