Ecological Environment Quality Evaluation Of The Watershed In Beijing Mountainous Area

In recent years, with the rapid socio-economic development, the ecological and environmental issues have become increasingly prominent in our country, which have restricted the sustainable development of the society. Especially as China’s political, economic and cultural center of Beijing, though the ecological environment construction has made great achievements, environmental problems are still widespread, such as soil erosion, sand dust, excessive application of pesticides and fertilizers and so on. So the trend of ecological environment faced by Beijing is still very grim. As a social-economy-natural compound ecosystem, the watershed is also facing these environmental problems, and as the load of the ecological environment getting more and more heavy, the ecological environment quality problems in the watershed are also increasing.In order to solve the limitations of watershed’s ecological environment quality evaluation of the past, such as the data acquisition difficulties of the related factors, the continuity of data and so on, this paper chose the watershed in Beijing mountainous area as the study area. With the support of RS and GIS technology, and on the basis of high-resolution remote sensing image data, and combined with other information, this paper extracted the information of land use, the vegetation coverage, the topography, the landscape features and other factor data of the year 2012 in the study area, and chose the terrain topography, soil and climate, grass cover, biological conservation, landscape use, pollution load as indicators, and selected slope, rainfall, NDVI, etc. as index layer. Using the method of the AHP, this paper established a comprehensive evaluation system of the ecological environment in watershed, analyzed and evaluated the ecological environment conditions of the watershed, and finally elaborated factors that affecting the ecological environment quality of the study area. The results show that the ecological environment presented the good state of the watershed in the study area. This paper takes remote sensing data as the primary source of data, provides some theoretical reference and technical support for using remote sensing data to monitor the ecological environment information conveniently and efficiently in the future, and for policy-making departments to make decisions.