Study On Farmland System Reform After The Founding Of China

Farmland system is the foundation of China's rural economic institutions, whose incentive and restriction as well as compounding functions in agricultural production process make it play a significant role in the development of agricultural economy; Whereas with the development of social economy,inner controdications have gradully come out. The defects of the farmland system, the irrationality and non-standardness have all become the systematic setbacks of prohibiting the development of rural productive force.This paper first gives a presentation to the Changing history of China's farmland system, and then it comprehensively and systematically analyzes the dynamic factors of promoting the changes of it, pointing out that controdications between the production force and relation are inner motives of the farmland's vicissitudes; farmers'pursuit towards benificts is potential motivation; state power is impelling force. Based on the above analysis, the paper points out that the farmland system's change is the appropriate combination between the forced change and the induced change. The designing of the system contains some ancient land ideas of China. The farmland system must adapt itself to the development of production force. Only in this way can the achivements be made and maitain the changing law of it.In the next part of this paper, it presents that in the framework of the current farmland system, based on the collective ownership, farmland has given first priority to family contract management with the consideration to all kinds of management forms. Every rural land management institution has been gradually improved under the instruction of national policies and guidelines.Whereas owing to the imperfection of farmland colletive ownership and the farmland contract management rights which farmers enjoy, and besides land fragmentation management can't efficiently adapt ot the changing markets, farmland management system is of controdictary nature and hysteresis nature. All of the above factors show that, in order to adjust to new situations and rural reforms, China's farmland system must consistently be innovative in practice.In the last part of the paper, it mainly gives an analysis on China's farmland innovation models and development tendency, pointing out in the innovation process of farmland system,the principles of the double targets of equality and efficiency, the principles of adaptation to the economic development of areas and local condition and the principles of firmly protecting farmers'interests should be insisted on, so as to coordinate new social relations among different interst parties brought about by the systematic changes and maintain the rural social stability and healthy economic development. Based on innovation contents, China's farmland system innovation can be divided into three stages, i.e. early, recent and future stages. The early farmland system innovation pattern is the starting poin from which China began to break through traditional family contract management system in order to find a new one that can be adaptable to the rural economic development; the recent pattern is a reinforced and improved process under the direction of rural reform ideas put forward by 16th and 17th National Congress of Communist part; the future pattern is one that indicates development tendency of China's farmland system, and it is also an innovation pattern from identity change to contract change on the premise that rural maket economy will be quite developed, the features of farmland sociality and maketability will be quite apparent.