The Transfer Problem Of The Farmer's Land Contract Management Right

Since 1978, Xiaogang village Fengyang county in Anhui province took the lead of the household contact responsibility system. The national farmland reform spread rapidly and brought the universally acknowledged changes to rural China.However, the household contact responsibility system reform is not a once and for all. With China's economic and social development, the original institutional arrangements can not meet to further improve the efficiency of agricultural land use requirements. Thus, some region has urbanization and industrialization, more and more farmers deviated agriculture and rural. Some of them rent or transfer land to the other. The farmland transfer market is gradually lively. The late 80s and the early 90s, the total amount of farmland transfer of whole country is about 1-2%, the late 90s is about 4%, and now is about 12.4%. Some economically developed regions such as Zhejiang province is as high as 30%. The transaction in China's agricultural land market is not land ownership, but the right to land contractual management. Endless land management model happened everywhere. It initiates the urgent needs to research on the transfer system of the management of contract land.The research focused on the system of land management. Can it meet the demands of today's social and economic development? What is the current situation and new characteristic of land transfer? Economic development in different regions of the land transfer will be different? What appears? In the household contract responsibility system, what affect farmers land transfer behavior and scale? This series of questions is the starting point of this research.This research first briefly introduced six land management of the development of China's land management system; investigated part region of Jiangsu province and Hennan province; analyzed three system of land management under the household contact responsibility system:farmland stock-cooperative, scale operation, land auction of use right for poor land, bottomlands, moor and mountains. The research estimate the current farmland management system:what are problems; how to further improve; and build a better transfer system of the management of contract land.Secondly, the research analyzed the Chinas basic situation of farmland transfer between farmers.Then, the research random surveyed Ninbo Cixi city in the east of Zhejiang province, Jinhua Jindong region in the middle of Zhejiang province, Lishui Songyang county in southwest of Zhejiang province. The research investigated the basic family situation of informant; the situation of farmland management and use; the situation of farmland transfer. The research also analyzed the situation of farmland transfer in east, middle and west of Zhejiang province; realized the situation of farmland transfer market in three places; and observed the extent of regulation of the contract of farmland transfer. The main conclusions are:First, The development of arable land transfer market showed an obvious gradient structure. Second, the development of secondary and tertiary industry is objective material foundation of farmer behavior to transfer their land. Third, the transfer purposes of farmland between farmers and professional large, professional cooperatives or enterprises are different from that between individual farmers. The transferred land to cooperatives and large professional producers is used for non-grain purpose. Fourth, the forms of arable land transfer are lease and subcontract mainly. Fifth, the relationship of neighborhood and relatives are not important anymore. Sixth, the organization level of farmer's behavior in farmland transfer is increased as the economy development level is improved. Seventh, in highly developed arable land transfer market, transfers are more normalized; farmers have more requests for written contracts. Eighth, the period of land transfer extended. Then, on this basis, the research used 177 households date of the east, middle and west part in Zhejiang province, build Multinomial Logit Model and Tobit Model to find influence factors of farmland transfer behavior and size. The results show:the existing cultivated area exist large effects for farmland transfer behavior and size; farmer's family size, household agricultural labor force, agricultural land characteristics and the rent of farmland transfer are the important factors to affect farmland transfer; householder'age is the influencing factor for farmer switching out farmland, but not the influencing factor for farmer transferring to farmland.This article takes data as the basis of 591 farmers in Jiangxi province. Probit regression model has applied to analyze the large rice household's willing to transfer to farmland. The results show that, the older and the higher the cultural quality of the farmer will have the lower willing to transfer. The more stable way to rent farmland and the higher rent of the farmer will have a positive impact on transfer to farmland. The higher appraisal to the rent standard of farmers will have lower willing to transfer. The higher appraisal to benefits of production and management and the more problem of the farmer will have the stronger willing to transfer to farmland.Finally, according with the above analysis, the research presents the institutional innovation should act according to circumstance. And the research presents a policy advisement for perfecting the transfer system of the management of contract land. First, support the land intermediary organizations. Second, manage and adjust the use of farmland after transferring. Tird, obtain employment in more ways. Fourth, improve the rural social security system. Fifth, establish the correct concept. Sixth, improve laws and regulations. Seventh, strengthen policy support. Eighth, develop rural education strongly. Ninth, strengthen the agricultural infrastructure.