Research On Fruit Logistics Network And Nodes Layout

In China, fruit production plays an important role in agriculture. It's growing has come a long way under the government's guideline and support. In recent years, the area of fruit planting has been expanding. Compared with the huge scale of production, the fruit logistics in China is still relatively under low level, which is reflected in three aspects. Firstly, the lack of reasonable fruit logistics system causes the goods not to be smoothly circulated. Secondly, the big losses and high costs during the course of distribution lead to low benefit of logistics. Thirdly, the weak ability of value-added processing leads to the poor international competitiveness. The backward of fruit logistics could be attributed to three factors: the profound historical reason, the current management system and the undeveloped techniques. This paper gives the main reasons why fruit logistics is lagging behind. Firstly, the main body of fruit logistics is powerless and not well organized. Secondly, fruit logistics network structure is irrational, the logistics processing is substandard, and the level of its standardization is low, so the disordered circulating is serious. Besides, the logistics technical level is low and government supports and guides improperly. The development of China's fruit logistics is in the initial stage both in theory and practice, and the backward of fruit logistics has become weakness and bottleneck for the development of modern fruit industry, which seriously affects promoting of efficiency of the whole fruit industry chain.First of all, this paper analyzes the evolution of China's fruit logistics models, which is divided into three stages: the stage of free to operate on multi-channel, the stage of managed mainly by supply and marketing cooperatives and the stage of modern fruit distribution system. During the period of modern fruit distribution system, the main body and business model of fruit logistics are diversified because of the policies that allow fruit free to be purchased and sold. And the fruit logistics model centered on the wholesale market is now becoming the main marketing channels, meanwhile accompanied by the rapid development of supermarket and farmer organizations nearby the production processes. Thus various fruit logistics models come into being under the dual structure. Since fruit logistics in China is still in primary stage with poor foundation, this paper also analyzes main problems existing in fruit logistics.Secondly, the development of fruit logistics in developed countries has matured, and its model can be summed up as the main two ways: one is the Euro-American model represented by America and Netherlands, and the other one is the East Asia model represented by Japan, South Korea and Taiwan in China. In this paper, America, Japan and Netherlands are taken as an example to research the advantages, characteristics and differences of their fruit logistics. Moreover, in view of being learned by China, advanced experience of fruit logistics in developed countries is summed up.Thirdly, on the basis of research above, the paper analyzes the characteristics of fruit logistics, the objectives and principles of fruit logistics network construction. And then the ideal fruit logistics network based on third-party logistics is constructed. Due to the impact of concepts and facilities, it takes some time for the wholesale markets and agricultural fair to be completely replaced. Thus the fruit logistics network for the transition period is brought forward. For realization of the function of fruit logistics network, the support system for fruit logistics network is also studied in the paper.Fourthly, Logistics nodes play an important role in optimization of the entire fruit logistics network, so gray clustering model is employed to evaluate fruit logistics nodes, which are divided into three levels. Based on the theoretical model, empirical analysis is conducted with the layout of fruit logistics nodes in Hubei province.