Study On The Spatial-temporal Change Of Land Use In The JinChen City Of Shanxi Province

In this paper, the methods that combines remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) technology, 3 remote-sensing images data of the study area in 1990, 2000 and 2007, and the method that combines supervised classification and unsupervised classification technology were used to obtained 3 land use / cover maps in 1990, 2000 and 2007 and database of land-use change from 1990 to 2007 of Jincheng City region, we evaluated the land-use in 1990, 2000 and 2007 and its changes law during 17 years, then explored the temporal and spatial changes law in land use in this area.First of all, quantitative analysis of land use structure of the composition and spatial and temporal patterns in this study area of was conducted; we calculated land-use types change situation using the transfer matrix, then analysis the land use composition and structure in 2007 and dynamic changes of land use over the past 20 years in Jincheng City by using of the indicators including land use dynamic degree model, land-use degree index, transfer rate, and the contribution rate etc., based on which forecasted the land use pattern for the next 14 years in Jincheng City by Markov models. Then we selected the mountain district- Qinshui County and the hilly district- Yangcheng County for the quantitative analysis of land use in typical mountainous and hilly topography regions, and revealed land use law in each different topography regions and their differences. Finally, based on the comprehensive analysis results the land-use reasonableness analysis was conducted, the results of which will provide decision reference and data support for the land management, ecological environment improvement and restoration, sustainable land use in the study area and similar areas.The results showed that:In recent years, the study area land use structure has been dominated by the forest and grass land land-use pattern, and the proportion of forest and grass land in mountain region is larger than in the hilly region. Overall, forest land, grassland, industrial and mining warehouse land and residential land, and transportation area showed a rising trend, while the farmland and the other land is a diminishing trend.Coal mining is closely related with the land use degree. High degree land use areas are mainly located in the coal mines concentration region, and the increasing extent of land use in coal region is larger than other regions. From the study period, these regions are in development stage of land-use. The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use was 1.92% in the research prophases and was 2.69% in the later Stage.The land-use change in later stage was more intense than the earlier stage, in which the forest land, farmland and other land have the most dramatic changes. The land-use changed as follows: forest and grass land, irrigated land and building site such as industrial and mining warehouse etc. increased, dry farmland and other land reduced, the decrement of dry farmland mainly changed to forest and grass land, and other land was one of the major land sources of urban and industrial development.The future land-use structure prediction results showed that: the regional land use structure will be enhanced stability, and forest and grass land will still be the major land-use types in this region, more than 74% land use in the area were occupied by forest land and grass land,the structure of cultivated land will tend to be stable, the proportion of irrigated land will increase while dry farmland will decrease, building site such as industrial and mining warehouse and residential land etc. will increase too. Overall, the future land use structure will develop to a better ecological environment.Comparison of land-use analysis in different geomorphic region showed that: three were significant differences of land use and it's changes between different topography region. The forest and grass land coverage in mountain region was larger than in hilly region, while the farmland and industrial and mining warehouse land coverage in mountain region was smaller than in hilly region. In the land-use change speed, the land use change in hilly region was more violent than in mountain region. The differences of land use in different region was resulted by natural factors such as the terrain, elevation etc. and human driving factor like policies and mining activities etc.In summary, there was a better overall quality of the ecological environment due to the unique geographical environment and climate conditions in the study area. Land use structure was dominated by forest and grass land, and the land-use change mainly presented as an increase for forest and grass land and irrigated land, and a reduce for dry farmland, more stable structure of farmland, a sustainable development of urban, mining and industrial, and an increase for building site such as industrial and mining warehouse and residential land etc.. The dominant factor which caused the above changes is:①positive effect of eco-forestry project implementation in recent years,②rapid population growth, expansion of urban land use and economic development, expanding of the coal mining capacity. However, the transfer process of land-use showed that there were forest and grass land degradation and deterioration of ecological environment in some regions which were severely affected by human activities. Therefore, the coordination of the relationship between economic development and environment protection is important to the sustainable use of land in this area.