Research On Centralized System Of Science And Technology In New China (1949-1966)

With the founding of the PRC, the Communist Party of China achieves social and political conditions based on its own value system and social ideal to carry out a comprehensive transformation. Naturally sector of science and technology also has to adapt it to these changes, the centralized scientific and technological system was born in the changes, too.Centralized scientific and technological system is an inevitable result of the Communist Party of China learning from the Soviet scientific and technological structure while associating with our own actual environments. Its establishment experienced from the broken to the stand process, including reforming the old and on its basis to construct the new. From the Chinese Academy of Science to scientific and technologic plan creation of 12 years, Concepts on science and technology realize transformation between tradition and modern. Professor Liu Dachun claims that the construction of state scientific and technologic Commission marks eventual establishment of scientific and technologic system in New China.Establishment of the centralized scientific and technologic system contributes to three factors, political factor: the Soviet Union alliance, learning from the soviet, seeking development; Economic factor: the palnned economic system which inevitable requires the scientific and technologic system to match; Cultural factors: Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought impact on establishment of the system of science and technology, especially regarding process of system of science and technology establishment as concrete practice of Mao Zedong Thought on science and technology. At the same time, it has also three characteristics, the scientific and technological system of graft, the state and loading political mission.The author describes the related history on the establishment of the scientific and technologic system, while puts forward he proposals of reforming science and technology system, and prospects the future development. The reform of scientific and technologic system must be based on overall development of human beings, aiming to realize their overall development, finally up to close relation between mankinds and science and technology.