Technology Innovation Enhance The Competitiveness Of State-owned Enterprises

With the development of society, mankind has begun to enter the era of knowledge economy, and technological innovation has become a guarantee for the survival and development of enterprises and an important source of country competitiveness. Technological innovation has an even more important significance to our country's development.In China, state-owned enterprises dominate the national economy and are the most important component. The status and development of state-owned enterprises show that they should and could become the vanguard of technological innovation. Studying the technological innovation of state-owned enterprises, we can implement technological innovation strategy to develop the state-owned enterprises, to improve the quality of economic growth and to enhance the competitiveness of state-owned enterprises, thus increasing its control and influence on the national economy, so that the state-owned economy can guide the healthy development of the national economy.This article first analyzed theoretically the dialectical relationship between technological innovation and enterprise competitiveness. Technological innovation is the inherent requirement of improving the enterprise's core competitiveness , and the enterprise's competitive advantage is the foundation and guarantee for the sustainable innovation. In essence, Enterprise Technology Innovation is the process of enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises and the process of forming the core competitiveness of enterprises. Conversely, the formation of the core competitiveness of enterprises is the process of continuing development of technological innovation and the process of continuing accumulation of technology. The process of technological innovation and the formation of enterprise competitiveness are the two aspects of business operation. The two are bound to be together and can not be separated from each other. The enterprise competitiveness emphasizes the quality of an enterprise's own state, and the process of technological innovation emphasizes the dynamic process of business operation and management. Enterprises should develop scientific technological innovation strategy and increase the input in order to enhance their own innovative ability and form their own core competitiveness. Analyzing the historical statistical data of state-owned enterprises, we can find that with the development of state-owned enterprises, technological innovation has also achieved gratifying results: the overall research ability has been further improved, the research personnel has increased in number, and the funding for technological innovation activities has also continued to rise. What's more, there is a noticeable progress and lots of scientific results in technological innovation. Even though, we should be soberly aware that comparing to the world's advanced level, the technological innovative ability of state-owned enterprises is still not strong, and there is still a certain distance from the requirement of building an innovation-oriented country. Related restraints include the lack of investment in science and technology, the overall weakness of scientific research, and the lack of excellent technical personnel; the low self-sufficiency rate of key technology, the high cost of technology introduction, the poor ability of digestion and absorption of technology, and the lack of independent innovation, and so on. After comparing the science and research condition of state-owned enterprises with Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan-invested enterprises, foreign-invested enterprises, we find that the inefficient technological innovation is a prominent problem in research work of state-owned enterprises. From the specific data in 2006, we can see that there is little difference in investment on technological innovation between the three types of enterprises; But the average cost of R & D projects of state-owned enterprises was less than half of cost of the other two categories of enterprises, and the volume of patent applications and patent ownership of state-owned enterprises is less than that of foreign-invested enterprises. The effect of technological innovation is not desirable and efficient. Therefore, the paper considers that the problem of state-owned enterprises is not they are too low in investment, or too low in investment on technological innovation, but they are of poor efficiency of technological innovation. The organization and management of technological innovation of state-owned enterprises still needs further improvement.Profoundly analyzing the causes of these problems is very helpful for us to take specific measures to improve technological innovation capability and core competitiveness of state-owned enterprises. The internal reasons for these problems are: the incentive mechanism of technological innovation in state-owned enterprises has not been established, and enterprises are lack of an internal driving force; expenditure for technological innovation is not high, and enterprises are lack of management experience on technological innovation; and there are also some historical reasons. External reasons for these problems are: the national technological innovation system is not perfect, and production and research don't work closely , resulting in less efficient use of research resources; the legal system about intellectual property rights has not been established, and the nation has not offered enough financial and tax support to the state-owned enterprises, and so on. In addition, many state-owned enterprises have been in monopoly status in the industry for a long time. What's more, the lack of market competition for innovation is also an important reason.In view of the current circumstances, we should actively learn from the practical experience from both home and abroad, and promote the technological innovative ability of state-owned enterprises from two aspects. At first, Government should play a positive role to create a good socio-economic environment, and to establish a unified and efficient organizational structure system to integrate scientific and technological resources of the nation; We should speed up the establishment of the technological innovation system which takes enterprises as the main body , are oriented by the market, and are integrated of production, study and research; we should improve the relevant legal system about intellectual property rights, and strengthen the financial and tax support and guidance to enterprise technological innovation; We should promote the construction of science and technology intermediary institution, and creat a good market environment. Secondly, state-owned enterprises should further strengthen the awareness that they are the main body of technological innovation, and they should play a leading position in the country's independence and innovation strategy, and they should take scientific technological innovation strategy to improve their technological innovative ability. Specific measures proposed are as follow: strengthen institutional innovation to promote technological innovation and management innovation; be oriented by people, train high-quality personnel; establish an effective incentive mechanism for technological innovation, and improve enthusiasm for innovation; increase research input, rationally allocate the research resources, strengthen technological R & D management, and enhance their digestion and absorption ability and independent innovative ability; promote the free, open and innovative corporate culture construction. Only by doing this, can the technical innovation capacity of state-owned enterprises be comprehensively enhanced, can state-owned enterprises play a leading role in building an innovation-oriented country, guide the nation's enthusiasm for innovations, and create a high wave of innovation for the country.