The Telecommunication Reform Of USA, Britian And Japan As Well As Its Inspiration To China

Traditional Telecommunication industry is, because of its large scale and network characteristics, usually classified as infrastructural or public sector with a nature of monopolization. Before 1980s', telecom industry is commonly monopolized by governments in most countries in the world, except the United States. Although American telecom companies are private owned, they are strictly regulated by government.After 1980s', systematic reform in telecommunication industry becomes very popular allover the world. The main goal of the reform is to facilitate competition in telecommunication market. There are three major factors supporting these reforms:1. Keynesianism, i.e. politically rational macroeconomic stabilization policy appeared to be less and less effective. People tend to accept market-orientated economic module which favors competition.2. Government regulations fail to deal with issues such as running cost calculation for individual dealers, so that result in disobeying market rules. People start to doubt the traditional way of telecom regulations, and even the legitimacy of the monopolization in the industry.3. New technologies are weakening the monopolization of the telecommunication industry. Thus the technological and economic barriers become lower. As a result, the introduction of competition is of possibility.The reforms in telecom industry started in the United States. AT&T is restructured in 1984. Competition was introduced to long-distance telephone services at the same time. In 1996 the new Telecommunication Act was...